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418 oncology Preprints

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oncology p-glycoprotein drug interactions drug analysis nose and throat swallowing psychosocial statistics and study design outcomes orthopaedics adverse drug reactions meta-analysis pharmacotherapy gastroenterology genetics and pharmacogenetics therapeutic drug monitoring clinical pharmacology dentistry cardiology opioids cytochrome p450 enzymes radiotherapy pharmacokinetics drug safety pharmacoepidemiology + show more keywords
cancer head and neck cancer behavioral medicine social care head and neck surgery infectious diseases paediatrics and adolescent medicine quality of life neurology voice research ear obstetrics and gynaecology pain genetics heart failure oesophagus general anticancer drugs dermatology larynx urology pharmacy general surgery epidemiology
Please note: These are preprints and have not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary.
Predictors of non-functional larynx following (chemo)radiotherapy for locally advance...
Kristijonas Milinis
Rhydian King

Kristijonas Milinis

and 7 more

August 11, 2022
• Non-functional larynx (NFL) was found to affect 30.9 % of patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer who underwent curative non-surgical laryngeal preservation treatment for stage III/IV disease • The key measures of NFL were long-term gastrostomy and tracheostomy dependence, functional laryngectomy and chronic aspiration. • Multivariate analyses identified current smoking to be associated with 6.8-fold increase in NFL • Patients with pre-treatment hemi-laryngeal fixation were 3.4 times more likely to experience locoregional recurrence.
Technological advances in clinical individualized medication for cancer therapy: from...
Xueling Liu
Jiejing Kai

Xueling Liu

and 5 more

August 10, 2022
Nowadays, the clinical application of antitumor drugs tends towards precision and individualization. Numerous efforts have been put in exploiting technologies to precisely discern the features of tumors and discover the possible response of every cancer patient to antitumor drugs at multiple dimensions from genes, proteins, tissues to whole organism, including Genomic data, histological information, functional drug profiling and drug metabolism of cancer patients can be obtained through polymerase chain reaction, sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry staining, patient-derived tumor xenograft models, patient-derived organoid models and therapeutic drug monitoring. The application of various detection technologies in clinical practice has enabled ‘individualized treatment’ to be realized, but the ideal accuracy effect has not yet been achieved. More novel technologies or technology combinations are needed to predict the correlation between detection information and therapeutic effect, and to put forward more accurate and effective therapeutic strategies for every patient. Here, we briefly summarize the conventional and state-of-the-art technologies contributing to the clinical individualized medication and their application in clinical practice, attempting to seek therapy options that may ultimately improve clinical outcomes.
Trigeminal trophic syndrome mimicking squamous cell carcinoma.
Yasir Al-Dojaily
Jessica Payne

Yasir Al-Dojaily

and 3 more

August 09, 2022
Trigeminal trophic syndrome is a rare cause of persistent secondary facial ulceration due to trigeminal nerve damage. Lesions often mimic squamous cell carcinoma but can be differentiated histologically. We present an unusual case of trigeminal trophic syndrome with both clinical and histologic features of squamous cell carcinoma.
Exposure to weak opioids and risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers: A series of nest...
Martin Houston
Úna McMenamin

Martin Houston

and 6 more

August 09, 2022
Background There is evidence gastrointestinal (GI) motility may play a role in the development of GI cancers. Weak opioids (codeine and dihydrocodeine) decrease GI motility, but their effect on GI cancer risk has not been assessed. Aim To assess the association between weak opioids and cancers of the GI tract. Methods A series of nested case-control studies was conducted using Scottish general practice records from the Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit Research database. Oesophageal (n=2,432), gastric (n=1,443), and colorectal cancer (n=8,750) cases, diagnosed between 1999 and 2011, were identified and matched with up to five controls. Weak opioid use was identified from prescribing records. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for relevant comorbidities and medication use. Results There was no association between weak opioids and colorectal cancer (adjusted OR=0.96, CI 0.90, 1.02, p=0.15). There was an increased risk of oesophageal (adjusted OR=1.16, CI 1.04, 1.29, p=0.01) and gastric cancer (adjusted OR=1.26, CI 1.10, 1.45, p=0.001). The associations for oesophageal cancer, but not gastric cancer, were attenuated when weak opioid users were compared with users of another analgesic (adjusted OR=1.03 CI 0.86, 1.22, p=0.76 and adjusted OR=1.29 CI 1.02, 1.64, p=0.04 respectively). Conclusion In this large population-based study, there was no consistent evidence of an association between weak opioids and oesophageal or colorectal cancer risk, but a small increased risk of gastric cancer. Further investigation is required to determine whether this association is causal or reflects residual confounding or confounding by indication.
Radiation-induced myofibroblastoma within the nasal sinus requiring maxillectomy and...
David Meyer
Michael  Larkins

David Meyer

and 7 more

August 09, 2022
We report a case of radiation-induced myofibroblastoma of the right nasal cavity in a patient with a remote history of radiotherapy for pediatric retinoblastoma. The patient required maxillectomy and ethmoidectomy. To our knowledge, a rare number of cases have been reported in this location.
Intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring in unconventional thyroid surgery
Filippo Carta
Valeria Marrosu

Filippo Carta

and 6 more

August 09, 2022
The authors herewith present a case of a non-conventional use of endotracheal tube-based IONM in a second-stage total thyroidectomy for metastatic papillary cancer incidentally detected after OPHL Type IIa + ary left for SCC. The use of the IONM in such case was effective avoiding the RLN accidental injury.
Erdheim-Chester disease: a multisystem disease case illustration with rare manifestat...
maysam jridi
Tayssir Ben Achour

maysam jridi

and 7 more

August 09, 2022
Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare multisystemic disease. A 50-year-old woman, presented with a recurrent pain and swelling of the left knee. Bone scintigraphy showed increased tracer uptake of peripheral skeleton. The computed tomography showed tissular infiltration in the retroperitoneum, around the vessels. Immunohistochemistry showed CD68 (+) and CD1a (-).
Whole-Body MRI for cancer surveillance in Ataxia Telangiectasia: A qualitative study...
Renata Neves
Blanca De Dios Perez

Renata Neves

and 11 more

August 09, 2022
Background/objectives: Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T) is a complex inherited disease that is associated with an increased risk of malignancy. Surveillance guidelines have demonstrated significant health benefits in other cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS). Evidence-based guidelines for cancer screening are not currently used in the UK for people affected by A-T. This study aims to understand how people with A-T and their parents feel about cancer surveillance using whole-body MRI to inform the future development of cancer surveillance guidelines. Design/Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews of people affected by A-T. Data were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. Results: Nine parents of children with A-T and four adults with A-T were interviewed. Five main themes emerged from the data. All participants viewed cancer screening for children with A-T as invaluable and emphasised the perceived value of early detection. The second theme acknowledged the anxiety associated with cancer and cancer surveillance and the third theme highlighted the perceived limitations around current practice, with the responsibility for monitoring falling too strongly on parents and patients. The fourth theme identified the need for effective preparation for cancer screening, including clear communication, and the challenges of MRI screening were recognised in the fifth theme with specific recommendations made for improving the child’s experience. Conclusion: This study suggests that stakeholders are positive about the perceived advantages of a cancer screening programme. Ongoing support and preparation techniques should be adopted to maximise adherence and minimise adverse psychosocial outcomes.
Small Intestinal Metastasis From Lung Cancer: a rare case
Haitham Rejab
Sami Fendri

Haitham Rejab

and 7 more

August 02, 2022
we report the case of a 61-year-old male patient who was admitted with abdominal pain, vomiting and constipation. he had a past medical history of epidermoid lung cancer .computed tomography revealed distended stomach with mural bowel thickening. it was peroperatively two small-bowel metastasis from lung cancer that we resect.
Telangiectatic osteosarcoma in pelvis: a case report
Emel Rothzerg
Jiake Xu

Emel Rothzerg

and 3 more

August 01, 2022
We report an uncommon case of pelvic telangiectatic osteosarcoma in a young diabetic female who presented with a two-year history of a painless limp. The clinical, radiological, and pathological features of telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the pelvis and discuss how uncommon symptoms can lead to diagnostic delay of the disease.
Superior Vena cava Syndrome in a Child with Mediastinal Mass, a Case Report
Ashes Rijal
Anish Shrestha

Ashes Rijal

and 3 more

July 28, 2022
Facial puffiness as a consequence of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS), can be a presentation from which the physician would have to conjecture a diagnosis of a mediastinal mass including lymphomas. Pediatric SVCS can rapidly progress and pose a greater challenge for airway protection as was in our case.
Actinomycetoma distal radius mimic osteosarcoma, case report of rare presentation.
Hassan Elbahri
Adnan Alnaser

Hassan Elbahri

and 3 more

July 28, 2022
Various conditions may mimic osteosarcoma. The differential diagnosis of osteosarcoma is broad. A proper history, examination, diagnostic imaging studies, and pathological analysis are essential to establish the precise diagnosis. This case report serves to illustrate the significance of recognizing similarities and other rare features to prevent late or misdiagnosis.
Incidence of heart failure following exposure to a Protein Kinase Inhibitor (PKI), a...
Yoann Zelmat
Cécile Conte

Yoann Zelmat

and 7 more

July 27, 2022
Aims Protein kinase inhibitors (PKI) have revolutionized the prognosis of several types of cancer, justifying the acceleration of their clinical evaluation before they obtain marketing authorization. Pharmacovigilance signals of heart failure (HF) following exposure to PKIs have been detected in recent years. Our objective was to identify the PKIs most frequently associated with the development of HF. Methods Using the French National Healthcare Database, all patients newly exposed to a PKI between January 2011 and June 2014 were followed up for 18 months. Specific hospitalisation diagnosis and long-term disease codes related to HF were used to identify HF patients. HF Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) were measured and adjusted Hazard Ratios (aHR) were estimated using a Cox model. Results Thirteen PKIs were studied. Among the 49,714 new PKI users during the study period, the mean IRR of HF was 3.38 per 100 person-years, with a median time to onset of 155 days. We found a significant increase in the incidence of HF for 6 drugs: pazopanib (aHR= 2.42, 95% CI: 1.67-3.52), dasatinib (aHR= 2.22, 95% CI: 1.42-3.44), ruxolitinib (aHR= 2.11, 95% CI: 1.69-2.64), crizotinib (aHR= 1.71, 95% CI: 1.07-2.72), everolimus (aHR= 1.45, 95% CI: 1.26-1.67) and vemurafenib (aHR= 1.37, 95% CI: 1.01-1.86). Conclusions Our study provides knowledge on HF following exposure to a PKI. Additional studies could confirm these results for dasatinib, everolimus, pazopanib and ruxolitinib, and particularly for the two drugs with results slightly above the significance threshold, crizotinib and vemurafenib in our sensitivity analyses.
Retroperitoneal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma with metastasis to iliac vein: A rare case...
Mahsa Masjedi Esfahani
Seyed Mohammad Ali  Mirazimi

Mahsa Masjedi Esfahani

and 2 more

July 26, 2022
The iliac vein is an extremely rare site of metastasis for extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (ESMC). Involvement of the veins usually leads to an extremely dismal prognosis.
Complete response to cetuximab plus paclitaxel therapy in nivolumab-refractory patien...
Hidetake Tachinami
Kei Tomihara

Hidetake Tachinami

and 5 more

July 26, 2022
Herein, we report two cases of patients diagnosed with nivolumab-refractory distant metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who were successfully treated with a combination of paclitaxel and cetuximab, thus demonstrating that some nivolumab-refractory patients with recurrent or distant metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma may benefit from subsequent salvage chemotherapy.
A case of tongue cancer in which it was difficult to distinguish cervical lymph node...
Yu Ohashi
Katsunori Katagiri

Yu Ohashi

and 8 more

July 26, 2022
We report a case in which it was difficult to distinguish cervical lymph node involvement from Hodgkin's lymphoma vs cervical lymph node metastasis from tongue cancer. Additionally, we report the histopathology for a postoperative follow-up biopsy of an enlarged lymph node in this patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma in remission.
Efficacy and safety analysis of PARP inhibitors combined with drugs for primary and r...
Wanlu Ye
Yue Wang

Wanlu Ye

and 3 more

July 18, 2022
Background: Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have emerged as maintenance therapy for advanced ovarian cancer. However, due to the development of drug resistance, combination of PARP inhibitors with other chemotherapeutic agents has become a contemporary research hotspot. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of phase II or III randomized controlled trials to analyze the efficacy and safety of combinations of PARP inhibitors with various chemotherapeutic agents on the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with ovarian cancer. Results: A total of eight trials that contained the combination of PARP inhibitors and chemotherapeutic agents were included. Combination of PARP inhibitors with bevacizumab benefited patients with BRCA mutations and HRD-positive status(HR=0.34 (95% Cl: 0.23–0.5; P<0.05); HR=0.35 (95% Cl: 0.27–0.45; P<0.05)), while combination with chemotherapy prolonged the PFS in the BRCA mutation, HRD, and homologous recombination proficiency subgroups(HR=0.39 (95% Cl: 0.26–0.58; P<0.05);HR=0.57 (95% Cl: 0.43–0.76; P<0.05); HR=0.79 (95% Cl: 0.64–0.98; P<0.05) ). However, patients with BRCA wild-type or unknown type benefited most from combination with cediranib. PARP inhibitors increased the risk of G≥3 neutropenia when combined with bevacizumab(RR=2.25, 95% Cl 1.09–4.62; P<0.05) and G≥3 anemia(RR=1.54, 95% Cl 1.16–2.05; P<0.05) and neutropenia(RR=1.25,95% CL 1.00-1.57; P<0.05) when combined with chemotherapy. Conclusion: Combination regimens of PARP inhibitors showed benefits in both primary and recurrent ovarian cancer, and the population subsets benefiting varied among different combinations. G≥3 adverse reactions were mainly hematological toxicities.
Rare Fibrolipoma of Attached Gingiva: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
fahimeh rezazadeh
Zohreh Jaafari

fahimeh rezazadeh

and 3 more

July 18, 2022
Fibrolipoma is a variant of lipoma that is relatively uncommon in the mouth tissues, especially the attached gingiva. It is diagnosed by histopathologic and immunohistochemistry evaluation and treated by total excision. A case of a patient with attached gingiva fibrolipoma, treated by surgical excision under local anesthesia is reported.
Uterine malignant leiomyosarcoma associated with high levels of serum beta Human Chor...
Elias Tsakos
Emmanouil Xydias

Elias Tsakos

and 6 more

July 15, 2022
A document by Elias Tsakos, written on Authorea.
Anaplastic Transfomation of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Metastatic Lymph Nodes: A...
yujiro fukuda
Naoaki Fujita

yujiro fukuda

and 2 more

July 13, 2022
Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare and has an extremely poor prognosis. It is known that most of anaplastic transformation occurs in primary lesions, but rarely in metastatic lesions. We report 67-year-old female patient who recieved surgery, but whose postoperative pathological examination revealed anaplastic transformation in metastatic cervical lymph nodes.
Cardiac toxicity associated with pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction between crizot...
Anthia Monribot
Olivier Huillard

Anthia Monribot

and 11 more

July 13, 2022
This case report describes of a pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction between crizotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, a direct-acting antiviral drug, leading to cardiac toxicity. A 75-year-old man, with no cardiovascular history but a diagnosis of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with MET exon-14 deletion and hepatitis C virus infection genotype 1A, received both crizotinib and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. Crizotinib was well tolerated, but 1 week after sofosbuvir/velpatasvir initiation, the patient experienced bilateral lower-limb edema and class III NYHA dyspnea. We assumed that increased exposure to crizotinib could account for this cardiac toxicity. Drug causality was probable according to the Naranjo scale. We hypothesized a reciprocal interaction between crizotinib and velpatasvir, mediated by both cytochrome 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Clinicians should be aware of the risk of drug–drug interactions between direct-acting antiviral agents that inhibit CYP3A4 (glecaprevir) and/or P-gp (voxilaprevir) and anticancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are mostly CYP3A4 and/or P-gp substrates (gefitinib, afatinib, erlotinib, crizotinib, ceritinib, lorlatinib, brigatinib, capmatinib etc.).
Complete Response to Intravesical Gemcitabine in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer P...
Fouad Nahhat
Modar Doyya

Fouad Nahhat

and 2 more

July 12, 2022
Bladder cancer treatment remains a challenge to every oncologist. We report the case of a 57-year-old man with BCG-refractory bladder cancer, who had a complete response to the intravesical Gemcitabine to shine the light on the role of Gemcitabine as a bladder sparing treatment in BCG-failure patients.
A case of a man with primary choriocarcinoma of the lung with abnormally high β-human...
Kazuhiko Iwasaki
Kazuyoshi Watanabe

Kazuhiko Iwasaki

and 3 more

July 12, 2022
A 69-year-old man presented with bloody pleural fluid effusion with elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels obtained by thoracentesis. The patient’s condition rapidly declined, and he died. An autopsy revealed primary lung choriocarcinoma. The early diagnosis of choriocarcinoma based on β-hCG levels in pleural fluid may be possible.
GIANT MANDIBULAR OSTEOSARCOMA: A CASE REPORT
Simon Carnot Ndrianarivony
Tahiriarivelo Randriamanantena

Simon Carnot Ndrianarivony

and 2 more

July 09, 2022
Mandibular osteosarcomas are relatively rare compared to those occurring in the long bones. We report a case of giant mandibular osteosarcoma in a 52-year-old woman that we realized a complete resection. An early diagnosis and a complete resection of the lesion are necessary for a better prognosis.
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