Objective: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays a role in placental development and is involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation of Val66Met variation in BDNF and PE and further explore the possible relationship between Val66Met and neonatal poor prognosis. Methods: TaqMan probe fluorescent PCR was used to analyze the genotypic and allelic frequency of BDNF Val66Met in 1138 cases of the PE group and 1342 cases of the control group. Besides, 200 pairs pregnant women with PE and their newborn, along with 208 pairs healthy women and their newborn were enrolled to evaluate the mother-fetal transmission effect. Furthermore, we detected the expression level of BDNF in placental tissue at the RNA and protein levels in 21 PE patients and 21 healthy pregnant women. Results: We found that the allele distribution was significantly difference in case group and control group (2=4.657, P=0.031, OR=0.884, 95%CI=0.791-0.989), suggesting BDNF Val66Met may be related to PE susceptibility. While the genotype distribution and additive gene have no significant difference. The analysis of maternal-fetal pairing showed the transitivity of BDNF Val66Met have no significant difference between the case group and the control group. Besides, the mRNA and protein expression level of BDNF in PE group was significantly lower than that in control group. Conclusion: We found that BDNF Val66Met may be associated with the occurrence of PE, and allele G may play a protective role. However, this locus may be not related to the poor neonatal prognosis.