Efficacy evaluation of r-SaK in a novel canine acute cerebral vessel
thromboembolism model
Abstract
In order to evaluate the thrombolytic effect of Recombinant
staphylokinase for injection (r-SaK) in acute ischemic cerebral
infarction, an intracranial large vessel occlusion animal model was
generated by pushing an autologous thrombus to the internal carotid
artery under X-ray angiography. Autologous thrombi/saline were injected
into the internal carotid artery, and thrombolytic agents were then
administrated. Thrombus formation and dissolution were monitored by
real-time digital subtraction angiography (DSA), blood coagulation and
histopathologic examinations were used as subsidiary methods. The
results in the present study showed that the left cerebral vascular
thrombotic occlusion model was established stably after the autologous
thrombus pushed through the internal carotid artery in dogs.
Administration of r-SaK (0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg/kg) produced effective
thrombus dissolution with a recovery of over 80% blood flow, as
effective as alteplase (1.68 mg/kg). Correspondingly, blood coagulation
was changed by r-SaK, with a dramatic elongation of prothrombin time
(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and thrombin time
(TT) and reduction of fibrinogen (FIB). In contrast to the model group,
pathological improvement in the two thrombolytic groups were mainly
manifested in the improvement of the structural integrity of the gray
matter, and the reduction of the infiltration of inflammatory cells and
neuronal damage in the intracranial blood vessels. Besides, no adverse
reactions related to bleeding in this model were found. The results
indicate that intravenous infusion of r-SaK has a significant
thrombolytic effect on intracranial large vessel occlusion model, and
can prevents brain tissue and neuron damage induced by thromboembolism.