Trends in the incidence of HPV associated oropharyngeal squamous cell
carcinoma in the United States 2010-2016
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the trend of HPV infection status in
oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) according to various
epidemiologic factors in the United States. Design: Retrospective cohort
study. Setting: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)
2010-2016 database. Participants: A total of 13081 patients with OPSCC
were enrolled. Patients were diagnosed with OPSCC primarily in the base
of tongue, posterior pharyngeal wall, soft palate, and tonsil between
2010 and 2016 and were tested for HPV infection status. Main outcome
measures: We analyzed how the number of OPSCC patients changed according
to various demographic factors from 2010 to 2016. Additionally, we
forecasted and confirmed the number of HPV (+) and (-) patients with
OPSCC using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model.
Results: The number of HPV (+) patients with OPSCC has increased over
the past 7 years, but the degree of increase varied greatly according to
the age, sex, and subsites. The number of HPV (-) patients increased
until 2015 in all age groups for each site but did not change or
decrease since then. Appropriate ARIMA models were applied to forecast
HPV (+) and (-) patients, and the predicted data matched the actual data
well. Conclusions: This large population-based study suggests that HPV
(+) patients with OPSCC has increased and will continue to increase.
However, the trends in HPV infection status in patients differed greatly
according to various demographic factors. These results present a
direction for establishing appropriate preventive measures to deal with
HPV-related OPSCC in more detail.