Abstract Objectives To estimate the stillbirth rate at 28 or more gestational weeks and associated maternal socioeconomic characteristics among a large internal migrant population in China. Design Retrospective study Setting Shenzhen Birth Registry Database Population or Sample All births Baoan, Shenzhen from January 2010 and December 2019 Methods The associations between stillbirth rate and maternal socioeconomic characteristics were assessed using logistic regression. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between economic status of maternal birthplace and stillbirth rate. Main Outcome Measures Stillbirth rates by maternal socioeconomic characteristics. Results An overall stillbirth rate of 4.5 per 1000 births was estimated in a total of 492,184 births in our final analysis. Migrant women had lower maternal socioeconomic status including younger age at delivery, lower education attainment, lower economic status of birthplace, inadequate prenatal care, and higher risk of stillbirth. The stillbirth rate varied by region of maternal birthplace, from 4.1 per 1000 births in women from East China to 5.7 per 1000 births from West China. The GDP per capita of maternal birthplace was strongly correlated with stillbirth rate (Spearman’s coefficient -0.875, p<0.001). Conclusions Large disparities in stillbirth rate existed between migrant and local population and among regions of maternal birthplace in China. Targeting strategies towards migrant women based on maternal birthplace are needed to further reduce burden of stillbirth. Tweetable abstract Stillbirth rate among internal migrant women in Shenzhen was inversely correlated with economic status of maternal birthplace. Keywords Stillbirth rate, socioeconomic status, internal migrant population, maternal birthplace