NVD- normal vaginal delivery, OVD- operative vaginal delivery, CD-
cesarean delivery, NS- non significant
A composite neonatal adverse outcome consisted of any of the following:
stillbirth, neonatal death during the first 24 hours, mechanical
ventilation during the first 24 hours, asphyxia, 5-minute Apgar score
<7, pH arterial cord blood<7.0, neonatal intensive
care unit admission.