Continuous variables are expressed as means ± standard deviation.
Categorical variables are presented as n (%).
A composite neonatal adverse outcome consisted of any of the following:
stillbirth, neonatal death during the first 24 hours, mechanical
ventilation during the first 24 hours, asphyxia, 5-minute Apgar score
<7, pH arterial cord blood<7.0, neonatal intensive
care unit admission.