Parental stress leads to beneficial or neutral impacts on resistance of progeny in matched environments.
Next, we investigated TAR in F1 progeny against the same stress to which the parents had been exposed (matched environments). Parents exposed to disease by biotrophic Pst produced F1 progeny that were more resistant to both Pst (Fig. 3a and Fig. S2a), and the biotrophic Oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa; Fig. 3b and Fig. S2b). These findings support our previous results (Luna et al., 2012) and demonstrate that Pst-elicited TAR is not specific at the level of pathogen species, but that it protects against taxonomically unrelated pathogens with similar biotrophic lifestyles.