Results:
The results of this survey showed that 18 (11.6%) bovines and 45 (18.9%) goats were having antibodies specific for CCHFV. Out of 132 CCHF negative bovine samples subjected for PCR amplification targeting the 312 bp product of cytochrome b gene of T. annulata, 21 samples showed positivity. The overall PCR based prevalence rate of bovine tropical theileriosis is 15.9 %. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Jabalpur T. annulata isolate (GenBank accession no. MN893432 to MN893434) share 100% nucleotide sequences identity with Rewa, Madhya Pradesh (MG787986.1), Mhow, Madhya Pradesh (MG787985.1), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (MG787984.1), Hisar, Haryana (MG787983.1), and Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh (MG787980.1) isolates (Fig.2). Physical examination of animals revealed that, animals are severely infested with Hyalomma spp.ticks. Further, farmers covered under survey were scored and analysis revealed that, they are having lower knowledge on zoonotic diseases and tick-borne diseases (Table.1). The education level of farmers is directly correlated with the knowledge of animal husbandry activities. Interestingly, majority of the farmers reported that, the general practice of tick control is hand pick the ticks /groom the animal and crush compared to use of chemical acaricides.