Summary:
SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious member of β coronaviruses. It can cause pneumonia like disease officially named by WHO as COVID-19. It infects the persons of all ages children, adults and olds. Primarily it was emerged in late December, 2019 from seafood market of Wuhan, capital of the Hubei Province of China. Now it has circled the entire world by having exponential transmission rate human to human. Its transmission occurs through direct contact, aerosols and air droplets but it can also spread through shoes, clothes, electrical devices, etc. It cannot spread through house flies and mosquitoes. Until now, it has infected approximately 5.5 million people and caused 353334 deaths globally. Patients infected with COVID-19 harbor three sorts of symptoms; they may be asymptomatic, show mild or severe symptoms. Persons having medical complications like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, kidney diseases, autoimmune diseases and other related diseases are more susceptible for serve illness or death. To reduce the damage associated with COVID-19, there should be complete implementation on recommendations provided by health care organizations and WHO which include avoiding close contact, wearing masks and gloves, practicing good hygienic measures and staying at home. Diagnosis can be made on the bases of epidemiological characteristics, screening and PCR. There is no FDA approved treatment available for COVID-19 right now but some antiviral drugs (Leponavir, Redimedisvir and Favipiravir), antimalarial potential drugs chloroquine or hypo chloroquine, Monoclonal antibodies, blood plasma transfer, stem cells, herbal treatments and many vaccines are also under considerations. Some vaccines like Moderna (mRNA-1273) are showing very fascinated results. Hopefully, it will be available at the end 2020 if it has passed all the clinical examinations. Recently, WHO stopped the clinical trials of chloroquine due to its severe complications observed in many patients related to heart, kidney and immune system.