Small Right Anterior Thoracotomy (n=275) Sternotomy (n=135)
p-value
Operative Characteristics
Cardiopulmonary bypass time (minutes) 73 (61, 93.5) 110 (80, 140) <0.0001
Cross-clamp time (minutes) 48 (39, 63) 74 (55, 104) <0.0001
Concurrent procedure 44 (16.0) 80 (59.3) <0.0001
CABG 1 (0.4) 18 (13.3) <0.0001
Aortic valve 1 (0.4) 16 (11.9) <0.0001
Tricuspid valve 11 (4.0) 17 (12.6) 0.0001
Aortic procedure 0 (0.0) 12 (8.9) <0.0001
Ablation procedure 18 (6.8) 30 (22.7) <0.0001
Septal myectomy 1 (0.4) 6 (4.4) 0.003
Atrial septal defect repair 18 (6.6) 5 (3.7) 0.240
Ventricular septal defect repair 0 (0.0) 2 (1.5) 0.108c
IABP 1 (0.4) 7 (5.2) 0.002c
Ventricular assist device placement 0 (0) 1 (0.8) 0.148
Peripheral arterial cannulation 259 (94.2) 10 (7.4) <0.0001
Need for second cardiopulmonary bypass 5 (1.8) 4 (3.0) 0.457
Type of mitral annuloplasty 0.0004
None 0 (0) 7 (4.5)
Partial 275 (100) 126 (95.5)
Complete 0 (0) 0 (0)
Size of mitral annuloplasty 32 (30, 34) 30 (28, 32) 0.0004
Type of mitral valve repair
Any posterior leaflet repair 250 (90.9) 102 (75.6) <0.0001
Any anterior leaflet repair 69 (25.1) 47 (34.8) 0.040
Isolated posterior leaflet repair 206 (74.9) 88 (65.2) 0.0001
Isolated anterior leaflet repair 25 (9.1) 33 (24.4)
Bileaflet repair 44 (16.0) 14 (10.4)