Study patients
Nasal biopsy specimens were recruited from the Department of
Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; the
Department of Otolaryngology, National University Hospital of Singapore;
and the Department of Otolaryngology, Second Hospital of Shandong
University. 70 CRSwNP patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus
surgery were recruited. CRSwNP diagnoses were made according to the
current European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps (EPOS
2020)22. 25 control subjects did not have a history of
sinonasal inflammation and inferior turbinate (IT) tissues were taken
from patients who underwent septal plastic surgery. The ethics approval
was obtained from the institutional review boards of the participating
hospitals in China (2019124) and National Healthcare Group Domain
Specific Review Board of Singapore (DSRB D/11/228 and IRB 13–509). All
participants gave informed consent to participate in the study. The
clinical characteristics of the study subjects were shown inTable 1 .