Statistical Analysis
Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation for Gaussian variables or median [interquartile range (IQR)] for non-gaussian variables and all categorical data as number (percentage). Normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Normally distributed continuous data and categorical data were compared with Pearson’s Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test when 25% of available data points had expected values <5. Non-Gaussian distributions were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U test.
Kaplan Meier analysis was used to compare long-term survival, and cumulative incidence was used to compare incidence of long-term MACCE across cohorts. Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards modeling was used to identify predictors for 5-year mortality as well as 5-year MACCE. Co-variables were first assessed by univariable model for statistical significance. A threshold of P<0.2 was then employed for inclusion into the multivariable model.