Study population
A total of 947 patients were enrolled in the EAT-On study. Each child’s
PA status was determined as shown in Supplementary Appendix Figure 1.
One child was excluded as they were on peanut oral immunotherapy at the
7-11y time point and 2 children with likely persistent PA had a
telephone visit only, so no blood samples were collected. Therefore, 48
children fit the criteria for the sub-group analysis (Supplementary
Appendix Figure 2).
The prevalence rate of PA in the EAT-On cohort at 7-11y was 2.1%
(20/947) which is similar to the EAT end of study prevalence rate of
1.9% (22/1189). For the children who had clinical assessments during
the EAT and EAT-On studies, the rate of PA resolution was 5.5% (1/18).
If we were to include the 2 children who only had a telephone visit with
confirmed PA by parental report during EAT-On and the 2 children who
were PA during EAT but did not return for EAT-On but assume they were
still PA, the rate of resolution would be 4.5% (1/22).
The initial analysis compared the PA (n=20) and PS (28) groups. Eighteen
children who were PA at 36m were still allergic at 7-11y (persistent
PA), 2 were not PA at 36m but PA at 7-11y (new PA), 1 was PA at 36m but
no longer allergic at 7-11y (outgrown PA), and 27 were peanut sensitised
at 36m but never allergic at any time point (NA).
The PA group were significantly more likely to have asthma at 7-11y old
compared to the PS group (45% vs 17.9%, p<0.05) –
Supplementary Appendix Table S3. There were no significant differences
between age, sex, ethnicity, history of eczema, eczema at 7-11y or
rhinitis at 7-11y.