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\begin{document}

\title{Safety and efficacy of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in
abdominal solid organ (renal and hepatic) transplant recipients: a
single-center pilot experience}



\author[1]{Xin Su}%
\author[2]{Xin Zhao}%
\author[3]{Deyong Long}%
\author[2]{Caihua Sang}%
\author[4]{Rong-Hui Yu}%
\author[3]{Ribo Tang}%
\author[2]{Rong Bai}%
\author[5]{Nian Liu}%
\author[4]{Chen-Xi Jiang}%
\author[6]{Li Song-Nan}%
\author[4]{Xue-Yuan Guo}%
\author[2]{Wei Wang}%
\author[7]{Rong Hu}%
\author[1]{Xin Du}%
\author[8]{Jian zeng Dong}%
\author[2]{Chang Sheng Ma}%
\affil[1]{Capital Medical University Affiliated Anzhen Hospital}%
\affil[2]{Beijing An Zhen Hospital}%
\affil[3]{Capital Medical University}%
\affil[4]{Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University}%
\affil[5]{Capital University of Medical Sciences}%
\affil[6]{Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University}%
\affil[7]{anzhen}%
\affil[8]{Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 24, 2024}


\begingroup
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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in abdominal solid organ
transplant recipients and a cause of morbidity and mortality in this
population. However, the outcomes of catheter ablation (CA) in
transplant recipients with AF remain unclear. This study aimed to
elucidate the outcomes of CA in renal and hepatic transplant recipients.
Methods and Results: Between 2015 and 2019, 14 transplant recipients (9
with kidney transplantation and 5 with liver transplantation) were
enrolled from among 10,741 AF patients and underwent CA at Anzhen
Hospital. Another 56 patients matched by age, sex and AF type were
selected as the control group (4 controls for each transplant
recipient). During a mean follow-up of 30.0\selectlanguage{ngerman}±13.3 months after the
initial procedure, 10 (71.4\%) of the transplant patients, compared to
41 (73.2\%) of the control patients, remained free from AF
recurrence(P=1.000). A repeated procedure was performed in 1 transplant
patient and in 6 control subjects. Consequently, 11 (78.6\%) of the
transplant patients, compared to 46 (82.1\%) of controls, were in sinus
rhythm after the repeated ablation (P=0.715). Notably, Kaplan--Meier
analysis did not demonstrate any significant differences in the atrial
arrhythmia-free rate after the initial and repeated procedure between
the two groups. Vascular complications were identified in 1 transplant
patient and 2 control subjects, while no life-threatening complications
were observed in either group. There was no transient allograft
dysfunction in transplant recipients after CA. Conclusion: CA is safe
and effective in abdominal solid transplant recipients, and may be an
optimal therapeutic strategy for this group.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



\sloppy




\textbf{Introduction}

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias,
affecting almost 30 million people worldwide and expected to reach 50
million people worldwide in 2050\textsuperscript{1, 2}. Patients with AF
have a higher risk of reduced survival and adverse cardiovascular and
cerebrovascular events\textsuperscript{3, 4}. These epidemiological
estimates could be extended to organ transplant recipients. Studies show
that end-stage renal disease and end-stage hepatic disease patients who
receive organ grafting have an AF prevalence of 7.0\% and 5.6\%,
respectively, and these values are higher than that of the general
population (1\%-2\%)\textsuperscript{5-8}. In addition, studies have
demonstrated pooled incidences of post-kidney transplant AF and
post-liver transplant AF of 4.9\% and 8.5\%,
respectively\textsuperscript{7, 8}.

Because of ongoing improvements in surgery and medicine, the number of
organ transplant patients is steadily increasing\textsuperscript{9, 10}.
These transplant recipients usually carry multiple comorbidities and
require individualized treatment. Previous studies have shown that AF is
associated with inferior survival in abdominal solid organ transplant
recipients\textsuperscript{11-13}. In addition, the treatment of AF in
solid organ transplant recipients by using antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs)
is often difficult\textsuperscript{14-17}, and non-vitamin K antagonist
oral anticoagulants (NOACs) may interact with immunosuppressive
agents\textsuperscript{18, 19}. Therefore, a more reliable treatment for
AF in solid organ transplant recipients is needed.

In recent years, catheter ablation (CA) for AF has proven to be a safe
and effective treatment strategy for patients with symptomatic
AF\textsuperscript{20}. However, the feasibility and outcomes of CA in
abdominal solid organ transplant recipients with AF remain unclear. In
the present study, we aimed to elucidate the feasibility, efficacy and
safety of CA in renal and hepatic transplant recipients.

\textbf{Methods}

\textbf{Study population}

From October 2015 to December 2019, 10,741 cases of CA for AF were
screened from the database of AF center of Anzhen Hospital. Fourteen
patients with kidney or liver transplantation (9 patients with kidney
transplantation and 5 patients with liver transplantation) who underwent
the first CA for AF were enrolled in the present study. Meanwhile,
another 56 AF patients without kidney or liver transplantation matched
by age, sex and AF type were selected as the controls (4 controls for
each renal or hepatic transplant recipient). The exclusion criteria
included valvular AF, previous CA for AF and a follow-up of less than
six months.

\textbf{Data collection}

From each patient, besides demographic data {[}body mass index
(BMI),age, gender{]}, we collected the AF type, AF duration, medical
history {[}hypertension, heart failure (HF), prior stroke/transient
ischemic attack (TIA),coronary heart disease (CAD) and diabetes
mellitus (DM){]}, hematological indices {[}hemoglobin (Hb), platelet
(PLT) count{]}, serum biochemical parameters {[}aspartate
aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), direct bilirubin
(DBIL), total bilirubin (TBIL), creatinine{]}, echocardiographic
parameters {[}left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left
atrium diameter (LAD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF){]},
CHA\textsubscript{2}DS\textsubscript{2}-VASc score, HAS-BLED score, EHRA
stratification and medical therapy (drugs for rhythm control, rate
control and anticoagulation). We estimated the glomerular filtration
rate (eGFR) according to the Cockcroft-Gault equation.

For renal and hepatic transplant recipients, we also reviewed the
history of transplantation, the time from transplantation to ablation
and the combination of immunosuppressive drugs.

\textbf{Immunosuppression}

All organ recipients were on immunosuppression, and the
immunosuppressive therapy was continued as previously prescribed.
Immunosuppressive drugs included mammalian target of rapamycin
inhibitors (sirolimus), calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine or
tacrolimus), antimetabolite (azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil) and
corticosteroids (prednisone or methyl prednisolone). Drug monitoring was
carried out during the perioperative period to reach the required dose.
No patient in the matching group was on immunosuppression for any
reason. The function of transplanted organ was closely monitored during
the perioperative period.

\textbf{Catheter ablation procedure}

In the present study,patients underwent left atrial and pulmonary
venous computed tomography angiography or transesophageal
echocardiography prior to CA to rule out thrombosis. The strategy of CA
for AF in our center has been described before\textsuperscript{21}. In
brief, after atrial septal puncture, a 3.5mm tip ablation catheter was
used to reconstruct the left atrial geometry under the guidance of the
CARTO system. In patients with paroxysmal AF, pulmonary vein isolation
(PVI) was performed with the endpoint of electrical isolation. In
addition, patients with recordings of typical atrial flutter underwent
tricuspid isthmus ablation. In patients with persistent AF, linear
ablation (mitral isthmus line, left atrial roof line and cavotricuspid
isthmus line) was performed in addition to PVI, with the endpoint of
bidirectional block across each of the 3 ablation lines as described
previously. If the sinus rhythm (SR) was not reached after the ablation
procedure, cardioversion was performed. For the repeated procedure, in
brief, the pulmonary veins (PVs) were checked to assess the PV
reconduction, and PVI was achieved by the gap ablation. Moreover, if
necessary, additional ablation was performed (such as complex
fractionated atrial electrograms, superior vena cava) at the discretion
of the operator.

Continuous infusion of heparin during the ablation was used to maintain
the activated clotting time (ACT) of 300-400 seconds. We monitored every
30 minutes throughout the ablation procedure to maintain the target ACT.

\textbf{Medical therapy and anticoagulation management}

All AADs were stopped for at least 5 half-lives before CA (amiodarone
was discontinued for at least 1 month). After CA, all patients received
NOACs or warfarin for at least 2 months. A type I or III antiarrhythmic
drug would be prescribed for eligible patients after ablation for 3
months. After the first 3 months of the blanking period, the choice of
continuing anticoagulant was left to the physician's discretion. For
patients with any atrial tachyarrhythmia episode, anticoagulant therapy
was recommended if the CHA\textsubscript{2}DS\textsubscript{2}-VASc
score was [?] 2.

\textbf{Follow-up}

Each enrolled patient was followed up at 3, 6 and then every 6 months
subsequently by trained staff, either through a telephone interview or
at an outpatient clinic. During each follow-up, information related to
clinical results and medical treatment was collected. In addition,
24-hour Holter monitoring was performed, and 12-lead electrocardiograms
were recorded at every visit. Additional electrocardiograms were
performed if arrhythmic symptoms occurred. No atrial tachyarrhythmia
lasting at least 30 seconds beyond the 3-month blanking period was
defined as successful ablation.

\textbf{Statistical analysis}

The data are presented as frequencies and percentages for qualitative
variables and means \selectlanguage{ngerman}± standard deviations for quantitative variables. To
compare the two groups, Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous
variables, and \selectlanguage{greek}χ\selectlanguage{english}\textsuperscript{2} tests or Fisher exact tests were
used for categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to
assess the time required for recurrence of AF. The AF-free survival was
compared by log-rank test. Statistical analyses were performed using
SPSS 23.0 software (Chicago, IL, USA). For all analyses, a P-value of
\textless{}0.05 was considered statistically significant.

\textbf{Results}

Fourteen patients with kidney or liver transplantation (9 patients with
kidney transplantation and 5 patients with liver transplantation)
underwent CA between 2015 and 2019 in our center. Another 56 AF patients
(ratio of 1:4) who were matched by age, sex and AF type and had no
history of solid organ transplantation were selected as controls.

\textbf{Baseline characteristics}

The clinical characteristics of the transplant patients and controls are
presented in Table 1. All of the variables studied with respect to
demographics (age, gender and BMI), AF type, AF duration, medical
history (hypertension, HF, prior stroke/TIA, DM and CAD),
echocardiographic parameters (LA, LVEDD and LVEF), EHRA stratification
and medical therapy were comparable between the two groups. Transplant
patients had relatively higher
CHA\textsubscript{2}DS\textsubscript{2}-VASc and HAS-BLED scores than
the controls. The mean eGFR was 80.3\selectlanguage{ngerman}±13.9 ml/min/1.73 m² in the
transplant group and 91.9±12.6 ml/min/1.73 m² in the control group
(P=0.007). The preoperative creatinine concentration was higher in the
transplant group than in the control group (88.4±22.8 vs. 74.6±14.7,
P=0.017), whereas the levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, Hb and PLT were
comparable between the two groups.

The detailed clinical features of the transplant recipients are shown in
Table 2. The mean age at the time of ablation was 59.0±5.5 years for all
transplant patients, and the median time from transplantation to CA was
10.3±5.5 years. The mean duration of the AF episode before CA was
47.6±45.1 months. Males made up the majority of the transplant group
(n=11; 78.6\%). Seven patients (77.8\%) in the renal transplant
recipients and four patients (80.0\%) in the hepatic transplant
recipients were male. Most transplant patients had a history of
hypertension (n=11; 78.6\%). All patients in the transplant group were
on immunosuppressive therapy.

\textbf{Procedural characteristics and complications}

A comparison of procedural characteristics between the two groups is
shown in Table 3. All ablation procedures were successfully completed.
There was no difference in the mean procedure time or mean fluoroscopic
time between the two groups. Moreover, the strategies for CA did not
differ between the two groups.

Among the periprocedural complications listed in Table 3, there was no
significant difference in the rate of procedure-related complications
between the two groups. In the transplant group, one recipient suffered
a minor groin hematoma. In the control group, one patient suffered a
minor groin hematoma, and one patient developed a small pseudoaneurysm.
Importantly, there was no procedure-related thromboembolism or major
bleeding in the two groups.

\textbf{Renal and hepatic functions}

The kidney and liver functions before operation are shown in Table 2,
and the changes after the ablation are outlined in Figure 1. There was
no significant transient allograft dysfunction in the renal transplant
recipients after CA, as demonstrated by the serum creatinine (89.4±27.7
vs. 91.3±29.6, P=0.666) and eGFR (80.4±15.6 vs. 78.4±16.6, P=0.489)
trends. Similarly, there was no significant transient liver dysfunction
in hepatic transplant recipients after CA, as demonstrated by the AST
(24.8±5.5 vs. 33.6±8.6, P=0.095) and ALT (24.6±10.5 vs. 31.6±12.9,
P=0.310) trends.

\textbf{Outcomes}

In the transplant group, the initial procedure success rate was 71.4\%
(n=10) after a mean follow-up of 30.1±13.7 months. Meanwhile, the
initial procedure success rate was 73.2\% (n=41) after a mean follow-up
of 29.9±13.4 months in the control group. The procedure success rate was
comparable between the two groups (P=1.000). There was no difference
between the two groups in terms of whether the AF was paroxysmal (72.7\%
vs. 72.7\%, P=1.000) or persistent (66.7\% vs. 75.0\%, P=1.000). All
patients with a successful procedure were not taking AADs. The prognosis
after initial ablation (as estimated by Kaplan--Meier analysis) is shown
in Figure 2A-B. The recurrence of AF was consistent between the
transplant recipients and the controls (log-rank P=0.935), and AF
recurrence-free survival was comparable among renal transplant
recipients, hepatic transplant recipients and controls.

One patient (7.1\%) in the transplant group and six patients (10.7\%) in
the control group underwent repeat ablation for recurrent AF. Of these,
reconnected PVs were noted in six patients. Among the seven patients
undergoing a repeated procedure, one patient in the control group
suffered recurrent AF. Finally, during a mean follow-up period of
27.8±14.2 months after repeated ablation, 11 (78.6\%) of the transplant
patients, compared to 46 (82.1\%) of the controls, remained in SR
without any AAD (P=0.715). The prognosis after repeated ablation
estimated by Kaplan--Meier analysis is shown in Figure 2C-D. The
recurrence of AF was consistent between the two groups (log-rank
P=0.740), and AF recurrence-free survival was comparable among renal
transplant recipients, hepatic transplant recipients and controls.

During follow-up, there were no occurrences of cardiac arrest,
thromboembolism, major bleeding or all-cause death among the transplant
recipients.

\textbf{Discussion}

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study addressing the
outcomes of CA in renal and hepatic transplant patients with AF. We
found no significant differences between the transplant group and
control group with respect to atrial arrhythmia event-free rate after
the initial and repeated procedures. Furthermore, there was no
significant difference in the incidence of procedure-related
complications between the two groups, and there was no transient
allograft dysfunction in the transplant recipients after CA.

AF is common in abdominal solid-organ transplant
recipients\textsuperscript{11}. Previous studies have demonstrated that
the prevalence of preexisting AF in renal and hepatic transplant
recipients is 7.0\% and 5.6\%, respectively, and that the incidence of
AF after kidney and liver transplantation is 4.9\% and 8.5\%,
respectively\textsuperscript{7, 8}. The high prevalence of AF may mean
that patients receiving kidney or liver transplants appear to be at
higher risk\textsuperscript{22-24}. Besides, long-term application of
immunosuppressants after transplantation might lead to or accelerate
cardiovascular diseases. \textsuperscript{25, 26}. Patients with AF
carry a higher risk of mortality and adverse cardiovascular
events\textsuperscript{3}. Previous studies have shown that AF is
associated with inferior survival in abdominal solid organ transplant
recipients, and the impact of AF on morbidity and mortality in these
recipients is striking\textsuperscript{11-13}.

The beneficial effect of CA on maintaining SR and improving quality of
life has already been confirmed\textsuperscript{27, 28}. The CASTLE-AF
study noted that compared with medical therapy, CA for treating AF in
patients with HF was associated with a 47\% lower rate of
mortality\textsuperscript{29}. The present study showed that the SR
maintenance rate in the abdominal solid-organ transplant recipients
after the initial (71.4\%) and repeated (78.6\%) CA sessions did not
differ from that in the matched group. In addition, there was no
significant difference in the incidence of procedure-related
complications between the two groups. These findings indicated that the
ablation procedure might be an appropriate choice for the treatment of
AF in renal and hepatic transplant recipients. In this study, none of
the recipients died during the follow-up period. Considering the higher
cardiovascular risk factors in solid organ transplant recipients with
AF, they might benefit from CA in the long term. Next, studies should
focus on whether CA could improve the long-term survival of abdominal
transplant recipients with AF.

AF is associated with a higher risk of stroke, and AF-related stroke
leads to more fatalities and is more disabling than non-AF
stroke\textsuperscript{30}. Anticoagulants are an effective therapy to
prevent AF patients from suffering stroke\textsuperscript{31}. However,
in renal and hepatic transplant recipients with AF, who are populations
at high cardiovascular risk, evidence regarding the efficacy and safety
of anticoagulation for AF is lacking. A retrospective study highlighted
that only 24\% of kidney transplant recipients with newly diagnosed AF
received warfarin, which was less than the general population (51\%).
The retrospective study also found that warfarin was associated with a
small nonsignificant reduction in the composite outcome of death, stroke
or gastrointestinal bleeding in renal transplant recipients with AF
{[}hazard ratio=0.92, 95\% confidence interval
0.83-1.02{]}\textsuperscript{32}.

In the general population with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, NOACs
are increasingly used, replacing vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants and
demonstrating efficacy and safety in thromboembolism
prevention\textsuperscript{33}. To date, data regarding the clinical use
of NOACs in renal and hepatic transplant recipients are
limited\textsuperscript{34, 35}. NOACs may interact with
immunosuppressive therapy\textsuperscript{18, 19}. All NOACs are
substrates of the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp), with
apixaban and rivaroxaban also being substrates of CYP450 3A4.
Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are known substrates of CYP450 3A4 and
P-gp, and also inhibitors of P-gp. In the present study, all the
allograft recipients were maintained by CNIs. Concomitant prescription
with NOACs might increase NOAC plasma levels and lead to an increased
risk of bleeding. In this particular condition,
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic drug monitoring might be helpful to
limit the risks of drug-drug interactions. In our study, there were no
thrombotic or bleeding events in renal and hepatic transplant recipients
using NOACs during the perioperative and follow-up periods. Abdominal
solid organ recipients are vulnerable groups suffered variations in
kidney or liver functions and are at higher risk of thrombotic and
bleeding complications, with possible interactions with
immunosuppressive agents. Given these issues, achieving long-term SR
maintenance by CA in renal and hepatic transplant recipients may be a
good choice to minimize the need for oral anticoagulants.

The treatment options available to achieve effective rhythm control in
renal and hepatic transplant recipients are limited. The coexistence of
comorbidities and risk of drug interactions caused by
polypharmacological therapy restrain the use of AADs.
Amiodarone-tacrolimus interactions leading to QT prolongation and fatal
arrhythmias in transplant recipients have been
reported\textsuperscript{16, 17}. In addition, dronedarone might
increase tacrolimus levels, promote tacrolimus toxicity and potentially
extend the QT interval in the electrocardiogram\textsuperscript{14, 15}.
Accordingly, AADs are rarely prescribed for \textgreater{}3 months due
to the increased risk of drug interactions in solid organ transplant
recipients. In the present study, all transplant recipients with AF
discontinued AADs after successful ablation. With these premises,
achieving long-term SR maintenance through CA in renal and hepatic
transplant recipients appears crucial to minimize the need for AADs.

\textbf{Study Limitations}

This investigation has several limitations. First, it was a
retrospective single-center study with a small number of subjects, and
therefore, the power is limited. Second, selection bias is a potential
problem. The renal and hepatic transplant recipients selected for CA
might have been healthier and more symptomatic than those who were not
selected, and they might also have been more likely to be cared for by
arrhythmia specialists. Thus, our patient population may not be
representative of the broader population of patients with kidney and
liver transplantation. Finally, the rate of absence of AF after CA might
be overestimated because of possibility of missing an asymptomatic
recurrence of AF. \textbf{Conclusions}

In conclusion, CA for AF is safe and effective in renal and hepatic
transplant recipients and may be a suitable treatment for AF in
transplant recipients. Larger studies are needed to confirm these
results and to investigate the long-term effects of CA in renal and
hepatic transplant recipients.

\par\null



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Liu XP, Du X, Tse HF, Ma CS: Prospective randomized comparison between a
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22. De Mattos AM, Prather JC, Olyaei AJ, Shibagaki Y, Keith D, Mori M,
Norman DJ, Becker T: Cardiovascular events following renal
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23. Johnston SD, Morris JK, Cramb R, Gunson BK, Neuberger J:
Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after orthotopic liver
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24. Fussner LA, Heimbach JK, Fan C, Dierkhising RA, Coss E, Leise MD,
Watt KD: Cardiovascular disease after liver transplantation: When, What,
and Who Is at Risk. Liver Transplant 2015;21:889-896.

25. Rabkin JM, Corless CL, Rosen HR, Olyaei AJ: Immunosuppression impact
on long-term cardiovascular complications after liver transplantation.
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26. Gill JS: Cardiovascular Disease in Transplant Recipients: Current
and Future Treatment Strategies. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;3:S29-37

27. Mark DB, Anstrom KJ, Sheng S, Piccini JP, Baloch K, Monahan KH,
Daniels MR, Bahnson TD, Poole JE, Rosenberg Y, Lee KL, Packer DL; CABANA
Investigators: Effect of Catheter Ablation vs Medical Therapy on Quality
of Life Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The CABANA Randomized
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28. Blomstromlundqvist C, Gizurarson S, Schwieler J, Jensen SM,
Bergfeldt L, Kenneback G, Rubulis A, Malmborg H, Raatikainen P,
Lonnerholm S, Hoglund N, Mortsell D: Effect of Catheter Ablation vs
Antiarrhythmic Medication on Quality of Life in Patients With Atrial
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2019;321:1059-1068.

29. Marrouche NF, Brachmann J, Andresen D, Siebels J, Boersma LVA,
Jordaens L, Merkely B, Pokushalov E, Sanders P, Proff J, Schunkert H,
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for Atrial Fibrillation with Heart Failure. New Engl J Med
2018;378:417-427.

30. Lin H, Wolf PA, Kellyhayes M, Beiser A, Kase CS, Benjamin EJ,
D'Agostino RB: Stroke Severity in Atrial Fibrillation The Framingham
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31. Steffel J, Verhamme P, Potpara TS, Albaladejo P, Antz M, Desteghe L,
Haeusler KG, Oldgren J, Reinecke H, Roldan-Schilling V, Rowell N,
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with cyclosporine A. Transplantation 2014;98:12-13

Table1. Baseline characteristics of the study population\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}llllll@{}}
\toprule
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.16\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Characteristics\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.16\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Renal transplant recipients(n=9)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.16\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Hepatic transplant recipients(n=5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.16\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Transplant Group (All recipients; n=14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.16\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Control Group (n=56)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.16\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
P-value*\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\midrule
\endhead
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Age, years\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
57.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±3.7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
61.0\selectlanguage{ngerman}±7.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
59.0\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
59.1\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.797\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
7(77.8)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(80.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
11(78.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
44(78.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.000\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
BMI, Kg/m\textsuperscript{2}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
26.8\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.0\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
25.2\selectlanguage{ngerman}±1.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
26.2\selectlanguage{ngerman}±4.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
26.3\selectlanguage{ngerman}±1.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.702\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
AF duration, months\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
44.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±38.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
52.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±59.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
47.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±45.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
49.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±54.4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.819\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Type of AF, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.000\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Persistent AF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2(22.2)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(20.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3(21.4)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
12(21.4)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Paroxysmal AF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
7(77.8)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(80.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
11(78.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
44(78.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Congestive heart failure, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(11.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(7.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3(5.4)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.000\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Hypertension, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
7(77.8)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(80.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
11(78.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
34(60.7)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.350\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Diabetes mellitus, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2(22.2)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(20.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3(21.4)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
15(26.8)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.000\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Stroke/TIA, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(11.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(20.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2(14.3)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(7.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.592\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Coronary heart disease, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(44.4)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(28.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
6(10.7)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.104\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Laboratory characteristics\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Hemoglobin, g/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
144.1\selectlanguage{ngerman}±16.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
157.0\selectlanguage{ngerman}±23.5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
148.7\selectlanguage{ngerman}±19.7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
151.3\selectlanguage{ngerman}±14.5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.649\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Platelet, 10\textsuperscript{9}/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
215.3\selectlanguage{ngerman}±78.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
169.2\selectlanguage{ngerman}±47.4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
198.8\selectlanguage{ngerman}±71.0\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
209.7\selectlanguage{ngerman}±49.0\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.209\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
ALT, IU/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
18.8\selectlanguage{ngerman}±10.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±10.5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
20.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±10.4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
22.8\selectlanguage{ngerman}±10.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.814\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
AST, IU/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
21.3\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24.8\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
22.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
21.8\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.417\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Total bilirubin, \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}mol/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
16.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±3.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
19.0\selectlanguage{ngerman}±10.0\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
17.5\selectlanguage{ngerman}±6.2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
15.8\selectlanguage{ngerman}±6.2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.325\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Direct bilirubin, \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}mol/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4.1\selectlanguage{ngerman}±1.0\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±1.4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±1.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±1.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.144\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Creatinine, \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}mol/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
89.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±27.7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
86.7\selectlanguage{ngerman}±11.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
88.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±22.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
74.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±14.7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.017\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
eGFR, ml/min/1.73m\textsuperscript{2}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
80.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±15.6\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
80.3\selectlanguage{ngerman}±11.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
80.3\selectlanguage{ngerman}±13.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
91.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±12.6\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.007\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Echocardiographic parameters\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
LAD, mm\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
39.1\selectlanguage{ngerman}±6.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
40.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±4.6\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
39.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.6\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
39.5\selectlanguage{ngerman}±3.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.929\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
LVEDD, mm\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
49.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±6.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
45.2\selectlanguage{ngerman}±3.0\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
48.2\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.6\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
48.7\selectlanguage{ngerman}±3.7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.802\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
LVEF, \%\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
61.2\selectlanguage{ngerman}±6.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
62.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±2.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
61.6\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.6\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
63.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±4.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.430\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
EHRA stratification, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.812\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
EHRA II\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(11.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(20.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2(14.3)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
10(17.9)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
EHRA III\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
7(77.8)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(80.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
11(78.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
44(78.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
EHRA IV\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(11.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(7.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2(3.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CHA\textsubscript{2}DS\textsubscript{2}-VAS\textsubscript{C} score\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2.1\selectlanguage{ngerman}±0.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2.0\selectlanguage{ngerman}±1.2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2.1\selectlanguage{ngerman}±0.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.2\selectlanguage{ngerman}±1.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.002\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
HAS-BLED score\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±0.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2.4\selectlanguage{ngerman}±0.9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2.1\selectlanguage{ngerman}±0.6\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±0.7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
<0.001\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
OAC\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Warfarin, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(44.4)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(20.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
5(35.7)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
9(16.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.135\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
NOAC, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
5(55.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4(80.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
9(64.3)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
47(83.9)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.14\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.135\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

Values are given as number (percent) or mean \selectlanguage{ngerman}± SD. *P-value, transplant
group vs. control group.

AF=atrial fibrillation; BMI=body mass index; ALT=alanine
aminotransferase; AST=aspartate aminotransferase; TIA= transient
ischemic attack; eGFR=estimated glomerular filtration rate; LAD=left
atrium diameter; LVEDD=left ventricular end diastolic diameter;
LVEF=left ventricular ejection fraction; EHRA=European Heart Rhythm
Association; OAC=oral anticoagulant ;NOAC=non-vitamin K antagonist oral
anticoagulant.

Table 2. Clinical features of 14 patients with liver or kidney
transplantation\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lllllllllll@{}}
\toprule
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
No\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Gender\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Age\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
AF-type\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
AF duration (months)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
History of transplantation (years)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
AST IU/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
ALT IU/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Scr \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}mol/L\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Anti-rejection drugs\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.09\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Anticoagulants\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\midrule
\endhead
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with liver transplantation (1-5)\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
62\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PeAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
34\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
30\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
TAC+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Rivaroxaban\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
48\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
40\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CsA+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Rivaroxaban\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
69\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
21\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
TAC+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Rivaroxaban\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Female\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
65\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
48\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CS+TAC\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Rivaroxaban\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
61\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
156\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
25\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
TAC\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Warfarin\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Patients with kidney transplantation (6-14)\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
6\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
63\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PeAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
84\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
90.4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
TAC+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Rivaroxaban\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
57\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PeAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
120\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
88.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CS+SRL+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Dabigatran\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
58\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
60\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
81.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CS+TAC+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Rivaroxaban\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
50\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
20\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
160.5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
TAC+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Rivaroxaban\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
10\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
56\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
24\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
78.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CS+TAC+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Warfarin\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
11\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
59\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
2\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
86.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CS+CsA+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Warfarin\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Female\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
62\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
12\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
23\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
69.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CS+CsA+Aza\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Warfarin\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
13\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Female\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
58\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
60\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
4\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
70.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CS+CsA+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Rivaroxaban\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Male\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
58\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
PAF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
18\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
9\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
78.5\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CS+TAC+MMF\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.07\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Warfarin\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

PAF=Paroxysmal atrial fibriallaion; PeAF=Persistent atrial fibrillation;
AF=atrial fibrillation; Scr=Serum creatine; AST=aspartate
aminotransferase; ALT=alanine aminotransferase; TAC=tacrolimus;
MMF=Mycophenolate mofetil; CsA=cyclosporine A;
CS=corticosteroids\textbf{;} Aza=Azathioprine; SRL=Sirolimus. Table3.
Procedural characteristics and periprocedural complications\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}llll@{}}
\toprule
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Transplant Group\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Control Group\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
P-value\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\midrule
\endhead
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Number of patients, (n)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
14\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
56\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Number of procedures, (n)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
15\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
62\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Repeat ablation, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(7.1)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
6(10.7)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.000\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Procedure time, minutes\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
135.7\selectlanguage{ngerman}±41.3\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
129.8\selectlanguage{ngerman}±41.1\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.529\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Fluoroscopic time, minutes\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
7.9\selectlanguage{ngerman}±5.7\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
6.3\selectlanguage{ngerman}±4.8\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.568\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Procedure strategy\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CPVI, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
15(100.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
61(98.4)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.621\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
CTI, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
9(60.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
25(40.3)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.168\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Other linear ablation, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
6(40.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
19(30.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.545\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
SVCI, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(6.7)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
6(9.7)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.000\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Cardioversion, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
5(33.3)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
17(27.4)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.752\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Periprocedural complications\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Stroke/TIA, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Cardiac tamponade/effusion, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.24\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Myocardial infarction, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Major bleeding, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
-\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Pseudoaneurysm, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0(0.0)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(1.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1.000\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
Groin hematoma, n (\%)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(6.7)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
1(1.6)\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
0.354\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

Values are given as number (percent) or mean \selectlanguage{ngerman}± SD. CPVI=circumferential
pulmonary vein isolation; CTI= cavo-tricuspid isthmus; SVCI=superior
vena cava isolation; TIA= transient ischemic attack.

\textbf{Figure legends}\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.70\columnwidth]{figures/image1/image1}

\end{center}
\end{figure}

\textbf{Figure 1 The effect of catheter ablation on the function of
transplanted organ during perioperative period}

The effect of catheter ablation on the serum creatinine (Scr) and
estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in kidney transplantation
recipients during perioperative period (A-B); the effect of catheter
ablation on the alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and aspartate
aminotransferase (AST) in hepatic transplant recipients (C-D)\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.70\columnwidth]{figures/image2/image2}

\end{center}
\end{figure}

\textbf{Figure 2 Kaplan--Meier analysis of the time to recurrent AF
after the catheter ablation procedure among groups}

Time to recurrent AF after the initial catheter ablation procedure
(A-B), and repeated catheter ablation procedure (C-D) among groups.
AF=atrial fibrillation.

\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

