Caesarean Section versus Vaginal Delivery
Meta-analysis of three studies showed that women who experienced a CS
had a slightly higher PTSD symptom score than women who had a VD(Figure 3) . This difference (Effect size = 0.17) was below that
of the threshold to be considered small, however it was statistically
significant at the 0.05 threshold (p=0.005). This may be a smaller
effect size (ES) than expected, because this analysis pooled SVD and
IVD, and also pooled ElCS and EmCS. Both poolings likely contain
distinct groups which may have varying effects on PTSD.