Figure
Fig. 1 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, l). Answers provided by the
participating Italian pediatricians to the survey. (a, b) Participants’
characteristic (data are expressed in absolute value). (c) Mean number
of patients reporting physician-diagnosed bronchiolitis (data are
expressed in absolute value). d) Diagnostic criteria: A: rhinorrhea
and/or upper respiratory tract infections; B: first episode of
respiratory distress associated with crackles and/or wheezing, use of
accessory muscles or lower chest wall retractions, low O2 saturation
levels, high respiratory rate relative to age, skin colour changes,
nasal flaring, fever; exposure to persons presenting with upper
respiratory tract viral infections; and presentation during the epidemic
season; C: persons presenting with upper respiratory tract viral
infections; D: clinical presentation during the epidemic season; E: all
the previous criteria (data are expressed in percentage). e) Approach to
the no well-appearing child: A: complete blood count, B: blood culture;
C: blood gas analysis; D: serum electrolytes; E: glycemia; F: C-reactive
protein (C-RP); G: polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the nasal swab; H:
chest X-ray (data are expressed in percentage). f) Indications for
oxygen administration (data are expressed in percentage). g)
Administration of medications: A: high flow oxygen therapy; B: oxygen
therapy with nasal cannula or face mask; C: hypertonic solution; D:
inhaled short-acting beta-agonists; E: inhaled epinephrine; F: inhaled
corticosteroid; G: systemic corticosteroid; H: respiratory
physiotherapy; I: antibiotics; L: intravenous short-acting
beta-agonists; M: antivirals; N: antileukotrienes; O: systemic
epinephrine (data are expressed in percentage). h) The most common
corticosteroids administered: A: betamethasone, B: methylprednisone, C:
prednisolone, D: beclometasone dipropionate, E: dexamethasone; F: none
(data are expressed in percentage). i) Indications for hospital
admission: A: infants less than 3 months of age; B: prematurity; C:
respiratory rate >30 breaths/minute; D: respiratory rate
>50 breaths/minute; E: respiratory rate >60
breaths/minute; F: poor feeding or dehydration; G: cyanosis; H: apnea;
I: comorbidities; L: poor social circumstances; M: uncertain of
diagnosis; N: need for supplemental oxygen therapy; O: fever; P:
unreliable parents (data are expressed in percentage). l) Discharge
criteria: A: SaO2 >97%, B: SaO2 >94%; C:
SaO2 >92%; D: improved respiratory effort; E: adequate
oral feeding; F: adequate social circumstances; G: carer ability; H:
possibility to arrange follow-up; I: improvement in clinical conditions
(data are expressed in percentage).