Study outcomes
The two groups of patients included in the study were compared in terms of age, gender, symptoms and findings, localization and size of the stone, vital parameters (electrocardiogram, non-invasive blood pressure, rate of respiration, and oxygen saturation), drug adverse effects and complications.
The pain scores of patients at the admittance were measured using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). VAS is a scale of values between 0-100 mm. The patients were informed that 0 mm indicates no pain while the most severe pain is indicated in 100 mm. The patients were given the VAS scale to mark the corresponding score on the scale in each measurement. The VAS scores at the admittance and the VAS scores 5., 15., 30., 45. and 60. minutes were recorded. In cases with a VAS score of ≥40 in both groups after post-medication or block procedure, intravenous administration of 1 mcg/kg of fentanyl (Talinat 0.5 mg/10 ml ampule, Vem Medication, Turkey) was determined as the opioid analgesics. The patients whose VAS scores could not be reduced below 40 despite the opioid analgesia were hospitalized at the urology clinic for treatment. The patients were followed up urologically after procedures to prevent hydronephrosis. Patient satisfaction was assessed based on a scale of 1 to 5 (measured as a score of 1 to 5 as follows: very poorly, poorly, moderate, good, and excellent, respectively).