Depression Anxiety Stress-21 Scale (DASS-21)
In the study, DASS-21 was used to evaluate the current mental impact. DASS-21 is a short-form version of the original 42-item questionnaire designed as self-report.10 Its validity and reliability in Turkish were done by Sarıçam in 2018.11The scale consists of depression, anxiety, and stress subfields. In the depression subscale, 0-4 points are normal, 5-6 points are mild, 7-10 points are moderate, 11-13 points are severe, and ≥14 points are extremely severe. 0-3 points are normal in the anxiety subscale; 4-5 points mild, 6-7 points moderate, 8-9 points severe, ≥10 points extremely severe anxiety; in the stress subscale, 0-7 points are normal, 7-8 mild, 10-12 moderate, 13-16 severe, and ≥ 17 express extremely severe stress.