Figure 1. Time-calibrated maximum likelihood phylogeny of Coleoptera, estimated with Drosophila melanogaster (Dmel) as outgroup. The branches are labeled with the number of rapid gene family expansions (yellow boxes) and contractions (blue boxes), or labeled zero if no change was estimated. Topological relationships were estimated in RAxML using 379,463 amino acid residues from 1,013 orthologous genes. All nodes have 100% bootstrap support, and nodes that were used to time-calibrate the tree are labeled with stars.