Ablation strategies promising AF termination and eliminating recurrence
To determine the ablation strategy associated with terminating AF and maintaining SR, a total of 241 persistent AF patients who underwent catheter ablation were recruited from the Kobe University AF registry database. Based on the ablation summary, the patients were classified into the following four groups: 1) PVI group, 2) PVI plus substrate modification including linear, CFAE and LVZ ablation group (PVI plus SM group), 3) PVI plus Box lesion group (Box lesion group) and 4) PLS ablation group. The ratio of AF termination and AF recurrence during the follow-up period were assessed among four groups.