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Figure 1. Environmental and genetic factors affecting skin
barrier dysfunction and inflammation, leading to the development of the
allergic disease complex. Epicutaneous allergen exposure happens due to
the presence of food allergens in the environment. In the absence of
oral ingestion this cutaneous exposure in patients with eczema is
thought to promote allergic sensitization, resulting in a greater
susceptibility to develop food allergy. It is unknown whether emollient
usage may promote barrier integrity and affect the interplay between
barrier impairment, skin inflammation, and ultimately prevent atopic
dermatitis development.
Figure 2. Two prospective interventional trials assessed the
preventive capacity of emollient usage on the development of atopic
dermatitis at 24 months (BEEP) and at 12 months (PreventADALL). The BEEP
study recommended a daily paraffin-based whole-body emollient vs. a
standardized skin-care regimen within the first 12 months of life in
1394 high-risk infants and assessed the rate of AD at 24 months. The
PreventADALL study studied 2397 population-based infants assessing the
impact of petroleum-based emollient usage in the facial area in
combination with bathing additives compared to an early food
introduction protocol, a combination of both interventions, or best skin
care practice. No superiority of any of these interventions over best
skin practice regarding the prevention of AD was observed. AD: atopic
dermatitis