3.5. Recurrence of AF after 12-month follow-up
Adjusted recurrence of AF at 12 months appeared comparable in a study by
Gillinov and colleagues (PVI 11% vs. Cox-Maze 8%), although patients
who underwent PVI had significantly shorter duration of preoperative AF
(Table 1) [18]. AF recurrence was significantly higher among
patients who underwent PVI in the study by Onorati and colleagues
(adjusted estimates PVI 35% vs. Cox-Maze 17%, risk ratio=2.13, 95%CI
1.10-3.94) (Table 1) 25. Among additional reported
outcomes, the authors also demonstrated higher adjusted recurrence of AF
at 6 months, higher adjusted proportion of antiarrhythmics at 12 months,
and higher adjusted risk of death or hospitalization among patients who
underwent PVI 25. Furthermore, in the study of 324
patients who underwent isolated MV surgery, Stulak and colleagues
reported significantly higher recurrence of AF after 12-month follow-up
among patients who underwent concomitant PVI (30% vs. 13% Cox-Maze)24.