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\begin{document}

\title{Clinical characteristics of pregnant women with COVID-19 in Japan: a
nationwide questionnaire survey}



\author[1]{Tatsuya Arakaki}%
\author[2]{JUNICHI HASEGAWA}%
\author[1]{Akihiko Sekizawa}%
\author[3]{Tomoaki Ikeda}%
\author[4]{Isamu Ishiwata}%
\author[5]{Katsuyuki Kinoshita}%
\affil[1]{Showa University School of Medicine}%
\affil[2]{St. Marianna University School of Medicine}%
\affil[3]{Mie University School of Medicine}%
\affil[4]{Ishiwata Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital}%
\affil[5]{Seijyo Kinoshita Hospital}%


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  \date{May 25, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Abstract Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and
outcomes of pregnant women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on a
national scale in Japan. Design: A nationwide questionnaire-based survey
forwarded to all 2185 maternity services in Japan. Setting: A total of
1418 obstetric units that responded (65\% of all delivery institutions
in Japan). Population: Pregnant women with COVID-19 diagnosed between
January and June 2020. Methods: Data were extracted from the
questionnaire results. Main outcome measures: Incidence of pregnant
women with COVID-19 and infant infection, positive rate of the universal
screening test for asymptomatic pregnant women, identification of
infection route, and rates of maternal death, severe cases, and
caesarean sections. Results: Seventy-two pregnant women were reported to
be diagnosed with COVID-19. The positive rate of the universal screening
test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
for asymptomatic pregnant women was 0.03\% (2/7428). The most common
route of infection was familial (57\%). Fifty-eight pregnant women with
COVID-19 were symptomatic; of whom five (8.6\%) had a severe infection
and one patient died (a tourist). Severe respiratory symptoms, oxygen
administration, and pneumonia were frequently reported in the third
trimester and postpartum period compared to early pregnancy (22.2\% vs.
2.5\% {[}p=0.03{]}, 38.9\% vs. 7.5\% {[}p=0.01{]}, and 50.0\% vs. 7.5\%
{[}p\textless{}0.01{]}, respectively). All pregnant women with COVID-19
underwent caesarean section, regardless of symptoms. There was no
SARS-CoV-2 transmission to the newborns. Conclusion: The importance of
infection prevention should be emphasized, especially in pregnant women,
their families, and their roommates during late pregnancy.%
\end{abstract}%



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