Different debrief styles
We divided debrief into different styles based on what is commonly
practiced in our departments. Debrief in theatres is mandatory although
often is just quick comments with everyone rushing to leave or a
discussion without a structure or purpose. Some debrief are
checklist-based, with questions that the team works through. Some team
leaders have daily or weekly team meetings led by the leader, where
recent events (as well as forwards planning) are discussed. One of the
authors (MD) uses coaching-style debrief utilising coaching tools and
principles (recognised by the team because cards, games or activities
are often used). Coaching has the potential to increase self-efficacy
and determination to counterbalance burnouts and improve personal
resilience; these are vital qualities in the healthcare professions(10).
There is a wide variety of debrief styles used just in our unit, and
there is no one right way of doing debrief. There is limited evidence on
which is best, particularly when each team has unique needs or goals.
Moreover, it is important that debrief is responsive to team needs, team
culture, and leadership style, as different teams can achieve the same
high quality outcomes using quite different ways of working.
It was clear that quick comments and informal discussion were most
frequently encountered debrief styles, yet our staff found them less
effective than the other styles. Thus, quality of debrief matters,
although the exact style may be less important than its quality.