Abstract
Background: Overweight, obesity and lack of sleep quality as
inflammatory states are the common problems among college students and
the Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with these problems
among this population is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship
of the DII with obesity and sleep quality among Iranian female students.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 249
female college students. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was
calculated using a valid and reliable 147-item food frequency
questionnaire (FFQ). To assess sleep quality, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality
Index (PSQI) was used. Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals
(CIs) were estimated for anthropometric indices and sleep quality
according to DII score. Linear regression was used to estimate the
relationship between DII score with sleep and anthropometric indices.
Results: There was a significant association evident between
DII and sleep quality(> 5 is considered as poor quality of
sleep); i.e., the odds ratios between DII quartile 2 vs 1 (unadjusted
model: OR= 0.33 (CI: 0.14-0.74), P for trend =0.002; model 1: the fully
adjusted OR= 0.31(CI: 0.12-0.78), P for trend = 0.005; model 2:OR=0.30
(CI:0.12-0.78), P for trend = 0.005) to quartile 4(unadjusted model: OR=
1.13(CI: 0.45-2.80); model 1: OR= 1.11(CI: 0.44-2.79); model
2:OR=1.13(CI:0.44-2.87), P for trend = 0.005). Also, odds ratios
increased significantly from quartile 2 to quartile 4 in all models for
DII and sleep quality. According to the continuous score of DII, there
was a significant positive association between DII and sleep quality in
all 3 models: unadjusted, model 1, and model 2 (OR= 1.21 (CI:
1.05-1.40), OR= 1.21 (CI: 1.03-1.43), and OR= 1.22 (CI: 1.03-1.44),
respectively.
Conclusions: In this study, after removing the effect of
confounding factors, participants in the highest quartile of DII score
had significantly higher PSQI global score.
Keywords: Central Obesity, College Students, Dietary
Inflammatory Index, Sleep Quality