Participants
The present cross-sectional study was conducted in female college
students who have studied at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical
Science, Iran. As regards, women’s dietary and behavioral patterns are
different. Also, hormonal changes in women may have different effects on
their weight and sleep. So, it was decided to only examine women in this
study. In this study, cluster sampling was performed and 249 students
aged 18–35 years from a population of 300 candidates were surveyed in
this research. Inclusion criteria were the willingness to participate in
the study and the age range of 18 to 35 years. We excluded 51 students
who met the exclusion criteria (included unwillingness to participate in
the study, incomplete demographic or anthropometric data, not responding
to more than 35 food items in the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ),
pregnancy, breastfeeding, smoking, consuming alcohol, and any drugs and
supplements, having an eating disorder, diabetes, cardiovascular
disease, kidney disorders, thyroid, digestive and respiratory diseases,
cancer, adherence to the specific diets, total energy intake less than
800 kcal and more than 4200 kcal, and having a weight loss surgery in
the last year) were excluded from the study.