CONCLUSION
Insomnia is an everyday challenge in primary care. Pharmacotherapy can be beneficial in selected cases. However, considering the possible adverse effects of hypnotic/sedating medications, a non-pharmacological approach (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy) should be the first-line treatment. A primary care physician may consider referral to a sleep specialist for refractory cases. To improve sleep quality, patients may need to change their lifestyle, alter long-term habits, follow sleep hygiene recommendations, perform regular physical activity, and protect themselves from stress.