CONCLUSION
Insomnia is an everyday challenge in primary care. Pharmacotherapy can
be beneficial in selected cases. However, considering the possible
adverse effects of hypnotic/sedating medications, a non-pharmacological
approach (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy) should be the first-line
treatment. A primary care physician may consider referral to a sleep
specialist for refractory cases. To improve sleep quality, patients may
need to change their lifestyle, alter long-term habits, follow sleep
hygiene recommendations, perform regular physical activity, and protect
themselves from stress.