Abbreviations: AD, atopic dermatitis; HDM, house dust mite; PM₁₀, particulate matter with an aerodiameter <10 µm.

^aSensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinusor D. farina.

^bSensitized to at least one of pollen mixture allergens, including tree, grass, and weed.

^cSensitized to pet (cat or dog allergens).

^dHR: hazard ratio due to PM₁₀ exposure by 1 µg/m³.

Table 4 Effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM₁₀ on atopic dermatitis persistence and allergen sensitizations at age 3 by severity.