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\begin{document}

\title{Als3-Th-cell-epitope plus the combined adjuvant of MDP, CpG and FIA
synergistically enhanced the immune responses triggered with recombinant
TRAP proteins in mice}



\author[1]{Jinzhu Ma}%
\author[1]{Wei Liu}%
\author[1]{Beiyang Wang}%
\author[1]{Simiao  Yu}%
\author[1]{Liquan  Yu}%
\author[1]{Baifen  Song}%
\author[1]{Yongzhong  Yu}%
\author[1]{Zhanbo Zhu}%
\author[1]{Yudong Cui}%
\affil[1]{Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University}%


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  \date{May 24, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Here, Als3-Th-cell-epitope (Als3 epitope) was connected to the
N-terminal of TRAP by flexible linker, and the Als3-Th-cell-epitope-TRAP
(ATT) proteins were prepared, then, the ATT proteins plus freund's
adjuvant were inoculated in mice to evaluate Als3 epitope to increase
the immunogenicity of TRAP. To strengthen the immunogenicity of ATT
protein, the proteins plus the novel combined adjuvants of MDP, CpG and
FIA were immunized in mice. After the booster immunization, the results
showed that the mice immunized with ATT protein plus Freund's adjuvant
exhibited significantly higher level for IFN-\selectlanguage{greek}γ, \selectlanguage{english}IL-4, IL-10 and IL-17A,
and displayed the stronger humoral immune response against TRAP than the
control groups, importantly, the survival rate of these mice was
significantly higher than the control groups. In addition, the mice
immunized with ATT protein plus CpG+MDP+FIA adjuvants exhibited
significantly higher level for IFN-\selectlanguage{greek}γ \selectlanguage{english}and IL-17A than other groups, and
the level of IgG antibody against TRAP was higher than other groups,
moreover, the survival rate of these mice was obviously higher than
other groups. These data suggested that the immune protection triggered
with ATT was significantly stronger than TRAP or TRAP+Als3 epitope did,
which indicted Als3 epitope significantly enhanced the immune responses
triggered with TRAP through their fused forms of expression.
Additionally, these data manifested that ATT plus the novel combined
adjuvant, MDP, CpG and FIA, induced the strongest immune response and
protection against S.aureus among all the groups, revealing the
synergistic effect on different adjuvant. This study provides an
important reference for the further development of a new effective
vaccine against S.aureus.%
\end{abstract}%



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