Variable Main trait Description Abbreviation Unit Key supporting reference
Bite force Head Maximum bite force produced by molars BF N/g Shi et al., 2020
Forearm length Body Distance from the olecranon process to anterior surface of carpals in the folded wing FA mm García-Morales et al., 2016
Mass Body Physical quantity that allows to indicate the quantity of matter contained in a body. MAS g Cisneros et al. (2014)
Greatest length of skull Head Distance from the posterior-most point of the occiput to the anterior-most point of the premaxilla, including incisors GLS mm Cisneros et al. (2014),
Condyloincisive length Head Distance between a line connecting the posterior-most margins of the occipital condyles and the anterior most surface of the upper incisors CIL mm Cisneros et al. (2014)
Condylocanine length Head Distance between a line connecting the posterior-most margins of the occipital condyles and a line connecting the anterior-most surface of the upper canines. CCL mm Cisneros et al. (2014)
Braincase breadth Head Breadth of the braincase, excluding mastoid and paraoccipital processes BB mm Cisneros et al. (2014)
Zygomatic breadth Head Breadth across the zygomatic arches ZB mm Cisneros et al. (2014)
Postorbital breadth Head Breadth at the postorbital constriction PB mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Mastoid breadth Head Greatest breadth across the mastoid region MB mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Palatal length Head Distance between the posterior palatal notch and the anterior border of the incisive alveolus PL mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Maxillary toothrow length Head Distance from the anterior-most surface of the upper canine to the posterior-most surface of the crown of M3 MTRL mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Width at M1 Head Greatest width of palate across M1s M1M1 mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Width at M2 Head Greatest width of palate across M2s M2M2 mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Palatal width at canines Head Least width across palate between alveoli of upper canines C-C mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Dentary length Head Length between midpoint of condyle to anterior-most point of dentary DEL mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Mandibular toothrow length Head Distance from the anterior-most surface of the lower canine to the posterior-most surface of m3 MANDL mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Coronoid height Head Perpendicular height from ventral margin of mandible to tip of coronoid process COH mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018
Width at mandibular condyles Head Greatest width between inner margins of mandibular condyles WMC mm Murillo-García & De la vega, 2018