3.3.1 | All-cause mortality
Mortality data were reported in 11 studies 14-23,26, in which one study 26 had a mortality rate of 0, so it was not included in the meta-analysis. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the MISA group and the control group (Risk ratio (RR) : 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) : 0.56 to 1.00, I2 = 8%, p = .05, 10 studies14-23 (n = 1478)).
As the subjects in two studies 14,19 were preterm infants at < 29 weeks and for the control group, instead of choosing INSURE techniques for surfactant delivery, the authors selected a more traditional approach, that is, continuous mechanical ventilation after surfactant instillation with endotracheal intubation, sensitivity analysis yielded different results (RR : 0.69, 95% CI : 0.51 to 0.95, p = .02, I2 = 17%, 8 studies15-18,20-23 (n = 1047)) (Figure 2A).