Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; BMI, body mass index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; INTERMACS, Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PAP, pulmonary artery pressure; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; RAP, right atrial pressure; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation; TIA, transient ischemic attack

^aVariables are expressed as number (%) and mean ± standard deviation if normally distributed or median (interquartile range) if non-normally distributed.

^bP-values are bolded to indicate statistical significance.

Table 2. Outcomes After LVAD Implantation by Operative Approach