References:
- World Health Organization. (2019). 10 facts on obstetric
fistula . [online] Available at:
https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obstetric_fistula/en/
[Accessed 11 Mar. 2019].
- Maheu-Giroux M, Filippi V, Samadoulougou S et al. Prevalence of
symptoms of vaginal fistula in 19 sub-Saharan Africa countries: a
meta-analysis of national household survey data. Lancet Glob Health.
2015. 3(5):e271-8. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70348-1.
- ICF International: The DHS Program. (2016). Uganda Dempgraphic
and Health Survey 2016: Key indicators report. Available at:
https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR333/FR333.pdf [Accessed 22
Aug. 2019]
- Wall LL. Obstetric vesicovaginal fistula as an international
public-health problem. Lancet. 2006. 268(9542):1201-9.
- Shefren JM. The tragedy of obstetric fistula and strategies for
prevention. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009; 200(6):668-71.
- Theofanides MC, Sui W, Sebesta EM et al. Vesicovaginal fistulas in the
developed world: an analysis of disease characteristics, treatments,
and complications of surgical repair using the ACS-NSQIP database.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2017. 36(6):1622-28.
- Lee D, Zimmern P. Vaginal approach to vesicovaginal fistula. Urol Clin
North Am. 2019. 46(1):123-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2018.08.010.
- McKay E, Watts K, Abraham N. Abdominal approach to vesicovaginal
fistula. Urol Clin N Am. 2019; 46(1):135-46.
- Garely AD, Mann WJ. Urogenital tract fistulas in women. UpToDate.
2018.
- Michael S, Baggish MMMK. Atlas of pelvic anatomy and gynecologic
surgery. Elsevier Saunders. 2006.
- Malik MA, Sohail M, Malik MTB et al. Changing trends in the etiology
and management of vesicovaginal fistula. Int J Urol. 2018. 25(1):25-9.
doi: 10.1111/iju.13419.
- Singh O, Gupta SS, Mathur RK. Urogenital fistulas in women: 5-year
experience at a single center. Urol J. 2010. 7(1):35-9.
- Hadley HR. Vesicocaginal fistula. Curr Urol Rep. 2002. 3(5):401-7.
- Hillary CJ, Osman NI, Chapple CR. The aetiology, treatment, and
outcome of urogenital fistulae managed in well- and low-resourced
countries: a systematic review. Eur Urol. 2016. 70(3):478-92.
- Sori DA, Azale AW, Gemeda DH. Charactertics and repair outcome of
patients with vesicovaginal fistula managed in Jimma University
teaching hospital, Ethiopia. BMC Urology. 2016. 16(1):41. doi:
10.1186/s12894-016-0152-8.
- Breen M, Ingber M. Controversies in the management of vesicovaginal
fistula. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2019. 54:61-72.
- Frajzyngier V, Ruminjo J, Asiimwe F et al. Factors influencing choice
of surgical route of repair of genitourinary fistula, and the
influence of route of repair on surgical outcomes: findings from a
prospective cohort study. BJOG. 2012. 119(11):1344-53.
- Frajzyngier V, Ruminjo J, Barone MA. Factors influencing urinary
fistula repair outcomes in developing countries: a systematic review.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012. 207(4):248-58.
- Goh JT, Browning A, Berhan B, Chang A. Predicting the risk of failure
of closure of obstetric fistula and residual urinary incontinence
using a classification system. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.
2008. 19(12):1659-62
- Nardos R, Browning A, Chen CC. Risk factors that predict failure after
vaginal repair of obstetric vesicovaginal fistulae. Am J Obstet
Gynecol. 2009. 200(5):578.e1-4.
- Hawkins L, Spitzer RF, Christoffersen-Deb A, Leah J, Mabeya H.
Characteristics and surgical success of patients presenting for repair
of obstetric fistula in western Kenya. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2013.
120(2):178-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.08.014.