Nanoparticles and nanopolymers with Anti-aging activity
Since the past years, several nanoparticles have been synthesized using
different ingredients. Dissolving, encapsulation by an association of
the desired drugs to the various nanoparticles made of metal salts,
proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, and synthetic polymers can improve
the process of treatment of various diseases, including aging-related
diseases.
Three generations of nanoparticles, including nanosphere (a matrix
formed by a polymer), nanocapsule (a vesicle consists of a soluble drug
in a liquid), and targeted nanoparticle (ligands-decorated colloidal
system) have the potentials to be applied in nanomedicine.
The three-dimensional structure of the nanodrug, the extent of drug
distribution, and its amount of immune response induction can be
influenced by the size, shape, physicochemical characteristics, and
surface properties adjusted for their synthesis. Currently, nanodrugs in
clinical use, which are approved by the FDA reach more than 50, and also
more than 77 nano-based are being examined in Phase I and III of
clinical trials (Bobo, Robinson, Islam,
Thurecht, & Corrie, 2016). However, only a limited number of these
drugs have been introduced as a direct target of aging, and many are
used as treatments for aging-related diseases. Some anti-aging nano
drugs approved by the FDA are listed in Table 2 .