Conclusion
Charge density mapping facilitates identification of complex patterns of
wavefront propagation during atrial fibrillation. Although irregular
activation patterns characterised by changing wavefront direction, and
high frequency focal firing are spatially stable, rotational activations
are transient and meandering, with low spatial stability. The duration
of mapping recording used significantly impacts the results obtained. A
minimum duration of 20s is required to identify regions of repetitive
but transient rotational activation whilst shorter segments will
accurately reveal regions with high frequency irregular and focal
activation. These stable regions of irregular activation may best
reflect underlying atrial structural abnormalities and represent
important sites for catheter ablation approaches.