Patients’ Baseline Characteristics
Among the 228 participants, except for 35 patients without follow-up
data, the remaining 193 patients had a mean age at initial PBPV of
2.56 years (median: 1.58 years,
IQR: 11 months–3.13 years, range: 21 days–14.25 years),
mean
weight at initial PBPV of 12.80 kg (median: 11 kg, IQR: 9–15 kg, range:
2.24–55 kg), mean height at initial BPV of 79.21 cm (median: 75 cm,
IQR: 68.75–84 cm, range: 46–159 cm), mean BSA at initial BPV of 0.474
m2 (median: 0.437 m2, IQR:
0.384–0.485m2, range: 0.162–1.376
m2), mean initial peak echocardiographic PVS gradient
of 60.66 mmHg (median: 53 mmHg, IQR: 41.99–73.62), and mean initial
RV-PA PSEG of 54.58 mmHg (median: 49 mmHg, IQR: 33–66.25). The mean
RV-PA PSEG post‐valvuloplasty was 19.19 mmHg (median: 14 mmHg, IQR:
9–22.5 mmHg), mean initial RV/systemic pressure ratio was 0.82 (median:
0.71, IQR: 0.60–0.94), and mean RV/systemic pressure ratio
post‐valvuloplasty was 0.47 (median:
0.42, IQR: 0.35–0.52). The mean balloon/annulus ratio was 1.23 (median:
1.20, IQR: 1.20–1.25). The average pulmonary annulus diameter was 12.35
mm (median: 12.3 mm, IQR: 10.2 mm–14.08 mm) measured by angiography.
(Table 1, Figure 1).
Immediate results of
percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty
All 193 patients with follow-up data had preoperative and postoperative
cardiac catheterization results.
Immediately after PBPV, the right ventricular (RV) systolic pressures
reduced significantly from 77.23 mmHg (median: 71 mmHg, IQR: 56–91
mmHg) to 43.81 mmHg (median: 40 mmHg, IQR: 33.5–48 mmHg), the pulmonary
artery (PA) systolic pressure increased from 22.40 mmHg (median: 22
mmHg, IQR: 19–26 mmHg) to 24.27 mmHg (median: 24 mmHg, IQR: 21–27
mmHg), and RV-PA PSEG reduced significantly from 54.84 mmHg (median: 49
mmHg, IQR: 33–67 mmHg) to 19.50 mmHg (median: 14 mmHg, IQR: 9–23 mmHg)
(Table 2). Immediate success was defined as a pulmonary gradient of
<40 mmHg after PBPV, and the immediate success rate was
89.6%.