Abstract
Background:Percutaneous
balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBPV) is the primary treatment for
pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS).
Methods: The study consisted of 228 children with PVS who
underwent PBPV from January 2004 to October 2019 at a single center. The
risk factors for ≥moderate pulmonary regurgitation (PR), residual
stenosis, and re-stenosis were analyzed based on the baseline patient
characteristics and measured value of corresponding inspection results.
Results: Among 228 patients, follow-up results were obtained in
193 patients. The univariate analysis
demonstrated
that
young
age, low weight, small pulmonary annulus diameter, higher
initial
RV-PA
PSEG, increased RV/systemic pressure ratio, and severe PVS were
associated with ≥moderate PR. The multivariate analysis demonstrated
that higher initial RV-PA PSEG and low weight were independently
associated with ≥moderate PR, while higher initial RV-PA PSEG was
independently associated with residual stenosis and re-stenosis.
Conclusion: PBPV is a
preferred treatment in PVS children with higher success rate.
Higher initial RV-PA PSEG was a
significant
factor for ≥moderate PR, residual stenosis, and
re-stenosis.
Introduction
Pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS) is a typical congenital heart disease
that represents approximately 8%–10% of cardiac birth
defects[1]. The prevalence seems to be steadily
increasing over time. Pulmonary stenosis can be valvular, sub-valvular
(infundibular) or supra-valvular. Valvular stenosis is by far the most
common form[2]. Percutaneous balloon pulmonary
valvuloplasty (PBPV) was first reported by Kan et al. in
1982[3]. Since then, several other studies
reported successful application of this technique to treat patients with
PVS. They focused on the feasibility, safety, effectiveness, and
practicality of PBPV[4-7]. However, these studies
were restricted to youths or adults. Thus, our study focused on a
retrospective analysis of the pediatric population. In this study, the
risk factors of ≥moderate
pulmonary
regurgitation (PR) and pulmonary re-stenosis were
emphatically
analyzed.