Nanomaterial drug delivery systems have become one of the most important
targeted therapy technologies. Although great efforts have been made to
study the self-assembled mesoscopic structure of nanoparticles and
understand drug loading and release mechanisms, the interaction between
nanoparticles and cell membranes has not yet been clearly studied.
Moreover, the research of experimental methods in this field has been
greatly restricted due to its special time-space scale, so it is
necessary to apply computer simulations to visualize the cell
internalization of the nanoparticle. This review covers modelling
methods and the current status and viewpoints of research on the
influencing factors of the nanoparticle-biomembrane interaction
mechanism. In particular, we discussed in detail the positive and
negative effects of various nanoparticle properties. This article may
assist researchers in rationally optimize the nanoparticle structure to
improve therapeutic efficiency.