n, sample size; Ho , observed heterozygosity; HE, expected heterozygosity;GIS , inbreeding coefficient
We discovered 13 true recaptures in our combined dataset (relatedness >0.80), which were removed from all subsequent analysis. Recaptures spanned sample types, with pairs existing among or within sample types: FF (n = 8), CF (n = 4), MS (n = 5), BP (n = 4), and HV (n = 4). For example, one bear identified from a BP sample (non-lethal) was later recaptured with a CF sample (lethal). Based on comparison of multiple relatedness estimators, we determined that the quellergtcorrelation coefficient was best for our combined dataset (correlation between observed and expected values = 0.97; Queller & Goodnight, 1989). Results from simulations with the quellergt coefficient yielded pairwise relatedness density plots with marked separation for full siblings, half siblings and parent-offspring pairs, and unrelated individuals (Figure 1). Although relatedness among individuals in our dataset was mostly unknown prior to analysis, we can see multiple cases where samples from the same area show relatedness values close to 0.5, as would be expected with parent- offspring or sibling pairs travelling together.