***p < .001, **p < .01, *p< .05, no asterisk (p < .1)
TABLE 3 List of indicator species found under A. kopetdaghensis canopy and on open plots of the HG and LG sites in the arid and semi-arid regions, showing the exclusivity and fidelity of indicator species. Significances refer to indicator values (exclusivity × fidelity) (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, permutations = 999).