\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{breakcites}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{hyphenat}





\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage[colorlinks = true,
            linkcolor = blue,
            urlcolor  = blue,
            citecolor = blue,
            anchorcolor = blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{\unvbox\@outputbox}{}{%
  \errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}%
}%
\makeatother


\usepackage{natbib}




\renewenvironment{abstract}
  {{\bfseries\noindent{\abstractname}\par\nobreak}\footnotesize}
  {\bigskip}

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{*3}{*1}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{*2}{*0.5}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{*1.5}{0pt}


\usepackage{authblk}


\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[space]{grffile}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabulary}
\usepackage{booktabs,array,multirow}
\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb}
\providecommand\citet{\cite}
\providecommand\citep{\cite}
\providecommand\citealt{\cite}
% You can conditionalize code for latexml or normal latex using this.
\newif\iflatexml\latexmlfalse
\providecommand{\tightlist}{\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}%

\AtBeginDocument{\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.PDF,.eps,.EPS,.png,.PNG,.tif,.TIF,.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}



\usepackage{float}








\begin{document}

\title{Chaotic Mixing in a Free Helix Extruder using a New Solution to the
Biharmonic Equation}



\author[1]{Gregory Campbell}%
\author[1]{Ross Taylor}%
\author[2]{Mark Wetzel}%
\author[1]{Sirisha Bomma}%
\author[1]{Shaji Chempath}%
\author[1]{Diana Hunt}%
\author[1]{David Powers}%
\author[1]{Samuel St. John}%
\affil[1]{Clarkson University}%
\affil[2]{Affiliation not available}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 24, 2024}


\begingroup
\let\center\flushleft
\let\endcenter\endflushleft
\maketitle
\endgroup





\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
A recently published approach for modeling the cross flow in an extruder
channel using a new solution to the biharmonic equation is utilized in a
study of chaotic mixing in a free helix single screw extruder. This
novel extruder was designed and constructed with the screw flight, also
referred to as the helix, detached from the screw core. Each of the
screw elements could be rotated independently to obtain chaotic motion
in the screw channel. Using the new extruder, experimental evidence for
the increased mixing of a dye, for both a Dirac and droplet input, with
a chaotic flow field relative to the traditional residence time
distribution is presented. These experimental results are compared using
the new biharmonic equation-based model. Because of the ability to
periodically rotate only the flight/helix, the chaotic mixing results
are minimally confounded by the existence of Moffat eddies.%
\end{abstract}%



\sloppy




\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

