Independent risk factors for maternal ESBL-E vaginal
colonization
We identified the independent risk factors for the increase in ESBL-E
vaginal colonization through a multivariate analysis (Table 4). The
analysis showed that cerclage (odds ratio [95% confidence
interval]: 3.248 [1.744–6.049]) and prior antibiotic treatment
(odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 3.044 [1.713–5.410])
remained as significant risk factors for positive ESBL-E vaginal
colonization.