CONCLUSION
To date, upper vaginal culture is not routinely recommended even in
high-risk pregnancies47,48; nevertheless, screening
for high-risk pregnancies may be justified if there is evidence that
treatment of ESBL-E vaginal colonization improves neonatal outcomes.
Therefore, we suggest the need for further studies on screening and
treatment of ESBL-E vaginal colonization to improve the perinatal
outcomes against the increasing threat of ESBL-E colonization during
pregnancy. In conclusion, our findings indicate that judicious use of
antibiotics and prudent cerclage are needed.