ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We gratefully acknowledge help from all members of the Derome and Val laboratories. Thank you to the IBIS Plateforme d’Analyse Génomique for the sequencing and to ICMBIO/Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade for in situ support for fish collection and for issuing the permit to transport biological samples (permit number 29837/18). This research was part of the ADAPTA project at INPA and was supported by the INCT ADAPTA (CNPq/FAPEAM) and INPA/MCTI grants to ALV (ORCID: 0000‐0002‐3823‐3868), and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery grant (grant #6333) to ND (ORCID: 0000‐0002‐2509‐6104), the Canada Graduate Scholarship (BESC M) Alexander-Graham-Bell to NL, the FRQNT Master research scholarship to NL and the MITACS GlobaLink grant to NL. Also, Ressources Aquatiques Quebec (RAQ) contributed to this research both by monetary and specialized support.