Patient Characteristics Leadless VVI (N=6,219) Transvenous VVI (N=10,212) P-Value
Demographic characteristics
Age 79.5 ± 9.5 82.0 ± 8.1 <.0001
Female, N (%) 2741 (44.1%) 4412 (43.2%) 0.28
Midwest 1,351 (21.7%) 2191 (21.5%) 0.69
South 2506 (40.3%) 3904 (38.2%) 0.01
West 1,307 (21.0%) 1,842 (18.0%) <.0001
Northeast 1,051 (16.9%) 2,266 (22.2%) <.0001
Encounter characteristics
Inpatient implant 3,309 (53.2%) 5,790 (56.7%) <.0001
Days to implant 2.5±5.3 1.9±3.6 <.0001
Weekend implant 163 (2.6%) 353 (3.5%) 0.003
Admission through the ED 745 (12.0%) 1,105 (10.8%) 0.02
Clinical Characteristics
ESRD 744 (12.0%) 238 (2.3%) <.0001
Diabetes 2,805 (45.1%) 4,222 (41.3%) <.0001
Atrial fibrillation 5,066 (81.5%) 9,088 (89.0%) <.0001
Congestive heart failure 3,282 (52.8%) 5,391 (52.8%) 0.98
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 1,931 (31.1%) 2,975 (29.1%) 0.01
Chronic steroid use 246 (4.0%) 327 (3.2%) 0.01
Coronary Artery Disease 3,489 (56.1%) 5,447 (53.3%) 0.001
Supraventricular tachycardia 476 (7.7%) 534 (5.2%) <.0001
Ventricular arrythmia 979 (15.7%) 1,403 (13.7%) 0.0004
Hyperlipidemia 4,770 (76.7%) 7,578 (74.2%) 0.0003
Left bundle branch block 334 (5.4%) 543 (5.3%) 0.88
Peripheral vascular disease 1,685 (27.1%) 2,736 (26.8%) 0.67
Prior coronary artery bypass graft 929 (14.9%) 1,460 (14.3%) 0.26
Prior acute myocardial infarction 1,242 (20.0%) 1,680 (16.5%) <.0001
Prior percutaneous coronary intervention 979 (15.7%) 1,416 (13.9%) 0.001
Renal dysfunction 3,034 (48.8%) 4,294 (42.1%) <.0001
Tricuspid valve disease 1,795 (28.9%) 2,945 (28.8%) 0.97
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement 106 (1.7%) 154 (1.5%) 0.33
Concomitant atrial ablation 861 (13.8%) 1,125 (11.0%) <.0001
Concomitant TAVR 170 (2.7%) 474 (4.6%) <.0001
Charlson Comorbidity Index 5.1 ± 3.4 4.6 ± 3.0 <.0001
Follow-up time (days) 675 ± 364 727 ± 366 <.0001