B-Cadaveric study:
The cadaveric study was a randomized study. Choosing to start each side
by using 2D or 3D scope was achieved by randomization (flipping coin).
The study was performed on three fresh frozen cadavers (six sides in
total) using Karl Storz 2nd generation 3D HD endoscope to dissect the
different anatomical landmarks and regions in advanced endonasal and
anterior skull base surgery. We used this endoscope for both 2D and 3D
visualization using different settings on the endoscope, and this
ensured minimal influence from optical variables that could arise from
using two different endoscopes, making the intervention purely 3D and
thus resulting in a more controlled design.
Time was recorded in each side from first touching the vestibule of the
nose until completing the sphenoidotomy & entering the sphenoid sinus
cavity in the cadavers (uncinectomy, middle meatal antrostomy,
ethmoidectomy and sphenoidotomy were done on each side). Also,
identification of various intranasal dissection sites and anatomical
landmarks were done for illustrative, educational, and training purposes
(figure 3).
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the
corresponding author upon reasonable request