Statistics
We present the data as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables with a normal distribution. Median (interquartile range) was used for continuous variables with a non-normal distribution, and as frequency (%) for categorical variables. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to assess normal distributions. Student’s t-test and the Mann–Whitney U-test were used to compare continuous variables with normal and non-normal distributions, respectively. Additionally, the Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for paired nonparametric quantitative variables. The McNemar test was used for paired qualitative variables. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Macintosh (Version 25.0 Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp.).