Turnover in taxonomic functional and phylogenetic composition from
eDNA
We computed taxonomic beta diversity between samples in the two areas
using the Jaccard index. To document the functional dissimilarity
between the two coastal areas, we computed the functional βdiversity index and its classical decomposition into two additive
components: the functional turnover and the functional nestedness
resultant (Villéger et al. 2013, Baselga 2010, 2012). To document the
dissimilarity in phylogenetic diversity between the two areas, we
computed the UniFrac index (Lozupone and Knight 2005) and its classical
decomposition in two additive components: the UniFrac Turnover
(UniFracTurn) and the UniFrac Phylogenetic Diversity (UniFracPD,
Leprieur et al. 2012 ). We computed the mean and the standard deviation
of all the previous indices. All the β -diversity indices were
computed using the “Betapart” R package. To visually represent
the differences in eDNA composition between the sampling stations in
Willemstad and Valentijnsbaai, we used a PCoA on the Jaccard distance
matrix. We reported the explained deviance of each axis and mapped the
ordination values in the geographic space of the PCoA. We further
performed a PCoA on the UVC samples which we compared with the eDNA
ordination.