Statistical Analysis
P-Pharm (Simed) software was used to analyse the data and determine theEmax and ED50 values using the no-intercept Emax model (22,26). The data sets for each of the TCs and TCPs were analysed with the log-normal distribution assumption for ED50 to fit theEmax model (22) according to Equation 1 that describes the elicited effect (E ) in terms a maximal effect (Emax ), dose (D ) and the dose at which the effect is half-maximal (ED50 ).