Table 2. Outcome measurements of all included studies.
HOMA-IR HOMA-IR Adiponectin Adiponectin Glucose Glucose Insulin Insulin
Author (Year) Pre-treatment Post-treatment Pre-treatment Post-treatment Pre-treatment Post-treatment Pre-treatment Post-treatment
Laker (1987)24 1822.2 (1124.7)^ 2377.8 (504.7)^ N/A N/A 5 (0.2) mmol/l 5 (0.3) mmol/l 8.2 (1.7) U/L 10.8 (1.6) U/L
Koistinen (2001)25 0.84 (0.2)^ 0.96 (0.18)^ N/A N/A 5.4 (0.1) mmol/l 5.3 (0.1) mmol/l 3.5 (0.5) mU/l 4.7 (0.6) mU/l
Stoll (2004)26 2.12 (0.35)^ 2.14 (0.53)^ N/A N/A 5.6 (0.1) mmol/l 5.6 (0.1) mmol/l 59 (6) pmol/l 60 (6) pmol/l
Koistinen (2006)27 N/A N/A 5.3 (0.9) μg/ml 7.1 (1.2) μg/ml N/A N/A N/A N/A
Heliövaara (2007)28 1.37 (0.52)^ 1.19 (0.37)^ 24.9 (2.5) μg/ml 29.4 (3.6) μg/ml 85.70 (1.62) mg/dL 86.17 (1.44) mg/dL 6.48 (0.48) mU/l 6.44 (0.74) mU/l
Ertugrul (2010)7 1.8 (2.175) 2.0 (1.875) N/A N/A 88.1 (10.2) mg/dL 88.4 (9.2) mg/dL 8.5 (9.1) μIU ⁄mL 9.8 (8.6) μIU ⁄mL
Cetinözman (2013)29 2.02 (0.6) 2.3 (1.1) N/A N/A 80.3 (11.5) mg/dL 76.7 (21.0) mg/dL 10.3 (3.1) μIU ⁄mL 11.5 (4.1) μIU ⁄mL
Karadag (2015)30 N/A N/A 4.27 (2.30) ng/ml 6.73 (3.60) ng/ml N/A N/A N/A N/A
Cemil (2016)31 N/A N/A 93.59 (230.96) μg/L 409.18 (409.09) μg/L N/A N/A N/A N/A
Saklamaz (2016)19 2.2 (0.9) 2.3 (1.9) Ν/Α Ν/Α 87.6 (9.7) mg/dL 88.1 (7.0) mg/dL 10.8 (8.6) μU ⁄mL 10.1 (3.9) μU ⁄mL
Aydin (2017)20 2.2 (0.7) 2.4 (1.1) 6.5 (3.8) μg/ml 8.7 (3.4) μg/ml 85.7 (16.8) mg/dL 80.7 (13.9) mg/dL 10.3 (3.3) μIU ⁄mL 11.8 (4.5) μIU ⁄mL
Soyuduru (2019)8 1.43 (0.5725) 1.54 (0.9575) 12.4 (4.0) μg/ml 13.3 (4.7) μg/ml N/A N/A N/A N/A
Acmaz (2019)21 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 10.19 (1.47)* 7.70 (0.87)*
Koçyiğit (2020)22 2.1 (0.1) 2.1 (0.1) N/A N/A 82.6 (7.03) mg/dL N/A 10.1 (4.8) μIU ⁄mL N/A
Aktar (2021)23 2.95 (0.28)^ 2.81 (0.18)^ N/A N/A 86.3 (10.1) mg/dL 87.4 (8.0) mg/dL 13.9 (11.3) μIU ⁄mL 13.0 (9.6) μIU ⁄mL
Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation. Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; N/A, not available; SD, Standard Deviation.
All results are presented in Means (SD). All results are presented in Means (SD). All results are presented in Means (SD). All results are presented in Means (SD). All results are presented in Means (SD). All results are presented in Means (SD). All results are presented in Means (SD). All results are presented in Means (SD). All results are presented in Means (SD).
^Calculated by the reviewers. ^Calculated by the reviewers. ^Calculated by the reviewers. ^Calculated by the reviewers. ^Calculated by the reviewers. ^Calculated by the reviewers. ^Calculated by the reviewers. ^Calculated by the reviewers. ^Calculated by the reviewers.
The authors did not provide the measurement. *The authors did not provide the measurement. *The authors did not provide the measurement. *The authors did not provide the measurement. *The authors did not provide the measurement. *The authors did not provide the measurement. *The authors did not provide the measurement. *The authors did not provide the measurement. *The authors did not provide the measurement.