Figure legends
Figure 1. Effects of Elevation , soil properties
(Soil PCA1 ), aboveground biomass (AGB ), Belowground
biomass (BGB ), Pielou’s evenness index (Evenness ),
community proneness index (Proneness ) and species richness
(SR ) on (a) community pathogen load (PL ), (b) soil fungal
pathogen OTU richness (sfpOTUs ) and (c) soil fungal pathogen
relative abundance (sfpRA ).
Effect sizes with 95% confidence
intervals are weighted average standardized coefficients from models
with ΔAICc < 4 based on model selections (Table S4, S5, S6).
Blue lines indicate significant negative effects, grey lines indicate
non-significant effects, and red lines indicate significant positive
effects.
Figure 2. The piecewise structural equation model. (a) The
hypothesized piecewise structural equation model. Hypothesized plant
community-mediated and soil-mediated association between elevation and
community pathogen load and soil fungal pathogen OTU richness.
Specifically, paths a-c represent the association between elevation and
host plant community and soil properties, paths d, e represent the
direct association between elevation and community pathogen load and
soil fungal pathogen OTU richness, while paths f-h and paths i-k
represent the community-mediated and soil-mediated effects on community
pathogen load and soil fungal pathogen OTU richness, respectively. (b)
The final piecewise structural equation model. Numbers on arrows are
standardized path coefficients (scaled by their mean and standard
deviation), and asterisks indicate statistical significance (***P < 0.001; * 0.01 < P <
0.05; † 0.05 < P < 0.1). Red arrows represent
significant positive relationships while blue arrows represent
significant negative relationships at the P < 0.1
level; gray arrows with dashed lines represent insufficient statistical
evidence for path coefficients (P > 0.1). Arrow
thickness is proportional to the strength of the path. Deindicates the deviance explained by predictive variables.
Figure 3. Overall result of the meta-analysis testing the
associations between elevation and foliar fungal pathogen OTU richness,
foliar fungal diseases, soil fungal pathogen OTU richness and soil
fungal pathogen relative abundance. Shown are the mean values of the
effect sizes (Z ) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals
(95% CI).