Table S1: Differences between the three functional groups by ANOVA
EF ≥50% EF <50% Atrial Fibrillation
Group A Group B Group C
Group n 1922 187 83
Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD p-value
PACS (%) -20.5 ±6.0 -18.0 ±7.0 * -17.5 ±8.1* <0.001
ACS (%) -26.1 ±12.6 -19.5 ±10.6* -21.9 ±13.1* <0.001
ATS (%) -46.5 ±15.2 -37.5 ±14.3* -39.4 ±18.1* <0.001
Atrial SR S (1/s) 2.4 ±1.0 2.1 ±1.0* 2.0 ±1.0* <0.001
Atrial SR E (1/s) -2.2 ±1.0 -1.7 ±0.9* -1.8 ±0.9* <0.001
Atrial SR A (1/s) -2.9 ±1.0 -2.6 ±1.1* -2.5 ±1.2* <0.001
LASI (cm/s) 0.24 ±0.16 0.34 ±0.27* 0.50 ±1.10*† <0.001
MV E(cm/s) 67 ±16 61 ±16* 69 ±27*† <0.001
MV A (cm/s) 64 ±15 68 ±16* 65 ±18 0.003
MV E/A (1/1) 1.10 ±0.36 0.93 ±0.36* 1.13 ±0.53† <0.001
MV DT (ms) 191 ±48 196 ±47 273 ±49 0.140
E/e´ 9.7 ±3.2 11 ±4.2* 11 ±6.4* <0.001
LA volume index (ml/m2) 22.7 ±8z.4 21.5 ±8.2 26.3 ±14.3*† <0.001
TAPSE (cm) 2.4 ±0.4 2.2 ±0.4 * 2.3 ±0.5 <0.001
TR PG median (mmHg)‡ 16.1 (5.5/20.2) 13.6 (3.8/18.6)* 17.4 (3.7/23.0)† 0.004
Velocity Basal Septal E (cm/s) -6.5 ±2.1 -5.1 ±1.8* -5.8 ±2.1* <0.001
Velocity Basal Lateral E (cm/s) -8.3 ±2.7 -6.5 ±2.6* -7.5 ±2.9*† <0.001
Velocity Basal Septal A (cm/s) -7.5 ±1.7 -7.2 ±1.8 -6.6 ±2.6*† <0.001
Velocity Basal Lateral A (cm/s) -6.9 ±2.5 -6.4 ±2.9* -6.4 ±2.9* 0.002
LV Stoke Volume (ml) 56.8 ±5.4 43.2 ±5.5 53.6 ±6.8† <0.001
LV EF (%) 128 ±32 140 ±41* 143 ±41*† <0.001
LV EDV (ml) 43 ±16 57 ±29* 52 ±29* <0.001
LV ESV (ml) 119 ±36 127 ±40* 131 ±39* 0.036
LV mass Index (g/m2) 86 ±22 83 ±22* 91 ±23* <0.001
LV ES long Strain (%) -20.2 ±2.7 -17.5 ±3.4* -19.3 ±4.4*† <0.001
LV PL SR S (1/s) -1.19 ±0.20 -1.11 ±0.22 * -1.15 ±0.24 <0.001
LV PL SR E (1/s) 1.56 ±0.34 1.29 ±0.33 * 1.53 ±0.45† <0.001
LV PL SR A (1/s) 1.11 ±0.27 1.14 ±0.31 1.07 ±0.30 0.192
PACS: peak atrial contraction strain; ACS: atrial conduit strain; ATS: atrial total strain; SR: strain rate; S: during systole; E: during early filling phase; A: during atrial contraction; LASI: left atrial stiffness index (E/E´ /LA strain); MV: mitral valve; DT: deceleration time; LA: left atrium; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR PG: tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient; LV: left ventricle; EF: ejection fraction; EDV: end diastolic volume; ESV: end systolic volume; ES end systolic; PL: peak longitudinal ANOVA with Bonferoni pairwise comparisons between groups with adjustment for multiple comparisons: * p<0.05 for difference towards group A † p<0.05 for difference towards group B ‡Median (IQR) PACS: peak atrial contraction strain; ACS: atrial conduit strain; ATS: atrial total strain; SR: strain rate; S: during systole; E: during early filling phase; A: during atrial contraction; LASI: left atrial stiffness index (E/E´ /LA strain); MV: mitral valve; DT: deceleration time; LA: left atrium; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR PG: tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient; LV: left ventricle; EF: ejection fraction; EDV: end diastolic volume; ESV: end systolic volume; ES end systolic; PL: peak longitudinal ANOVA with Bonferoni pairwise comparisons between groups with adjustment for multiple comparisons: * p<0.05 for difference towards group A † p<0.05 for difference towards group B ‡Median (IQR) PACS: peak atrial contraction strain; ACS: atrial conduit strain; ATS: atrial total strain; SR: strain rate; S: during systole; E: during early filling phase; A: during atrial contraction; LASI: left atrial stiffness index (E/E´ /LA strain); MV: mitral valve; DT: deceleration time; LA: left atrium; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR PG: tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient; LV: left ventricle; EF: ejection fraction; EDV: end diastolic volume; ESV: end systolic volume; ES end systolic; PL: peak longitudinal ANOVA with Bonferoni pairwise comparisons between groups with adjustment for multiple comparisons: * p<0.05 for difference towards group A † p<0.05 for difference towards group B ‡Median (IQR) PACS: peak atrial contraction strain; ACS: atrial conduit strain; ATS: atrial total strain; SR: strain rate; S: during systole; E: during early filling phase; A: during atrial contraction; LASI: left atrial stiffness index (E/E´ /LA strain); MV: mitral valve; DT: deceleration time; LA: left atrium; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR PG: tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient; LV: left ventricle; EF: ejection fraction; EDV: end diastolic volume; ESV: end systolic volume; ES end systolic; PL: peak longitudinal ANOVA with Bonferoni pairwise comparisons between groups with adjustment for multiple comparisons: * p<0.05 for difference towards group A † p<0.05 for difference towards group B ‡Median (IQR) PACS: peak atrial contraction strain; ACS: atrial conduit strain; ATS: atrial total strain; SR: strain rate; S: during systole; E: during early filling phase; A: during atrial contraction; LASI: left atrial stiffness index (E/E´ /LA strain); MV: mitral valve; DT: deceleration time; LA: left atrium; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR PG: tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient; LV: left ventricle; EF: ejection fraction; EDV: end diastolic volume; ESV: end systolic volume; ES end systolic; PL: peak longitudinal ANOVA with Bonferoni pairwise comparisons between groups with adjustment for multiple comparisons: * p<0.05 for difference towards group A † p<0.05 for difference towards group B ‡Median (IQR)