Figure 5. Comparisons of the LSC, IR, and SSC boundary regions among the five Primula chloroplast genomes. Genes at the IR/SC borders are denoted by the colored boxes. The numbers within the boxes represent the distances from the boundaries.
3.5. Phylogenetic analysis
Our sampling represented 20 of 24 recognized sections of the genusPrimula in China [19]. The phylogenetic tree identified that all the samples in the genus Primula could be divided into three major clades with high support (Figure 6). Clade A included Sects.Crystallophlomis , Ranunculoides , Amethyatina ,Petiolares, and Proliferae . Clade B contained Sects.Primtula , Souliei , Sikkimensis , Aleuritia ,Denticulata , Capitatae , Soldanelloides, andMinutissimae . Clade C combined Sects. Auganthus ,Obconicolisteri , Dryadifoiia , Carolinella ,Bullatae , Monocarpicae and Cortusoides species. Our results found that several sections were not monophyletic groups, such as Sects. Monocarpicae , Crystallophlomis ,Obconicolisteri , Denticulata, and Proliferae . It is worth noting that P. wilsonii was closest to P. anisodorawith very high support value in Sect. Proliferae . The P. poissonii complex was further confirmed, which included P. wilsonii , P. anisodora , P. poissonii and P. miyabeana (Figure 6). However, the monophyly of Sect. Proliferaesuggested in previous studies was not supported here [25].